plant/human reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

bryophyte

A

moss

no vascular

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2
Q

fern

A

yes vascular

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3
Q

gymnosperm cones

A

yes vascular

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4
Q

pistal

A

the girl of the flower

bigger

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5
Q

stigma

A

the head of the pistal

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6
Q

ovary

A

the “ovary” where the eggs are for the pistal

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7
Q

stamen

A

the boy of the flower

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8
Q

anther

A

the head of the stame

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9
Q

ovules

A

the eggs of the plant

in the ovary

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10
Q

pollen

A

the sperm of the stamen

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11
Q

pollen tube

A

the thing that comes out of the sperm/pollen that goes down the style to deliver the sperm

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12
Q

doubler fertilization

A

egg+sperm=baby

polar+polar+sperm=baby

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13
Q

pollination

A

the A to B movement of pollen

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14
Q

birds and bees

A

the birds and the bees bring the sperm to the egg

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15
Q

what does the ovary become in a fruit

A

the skin

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16
Q

what does the ovary become?

A

the skin of the fruit

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17
Q

what was the seed originally

A

egg

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18
Q

what does the ovule become?

A

fruit

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19
Q

endosperm

A

the stored food.

None in dicot

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20
Q

cotyledon

A

baby stored food.

the dark part

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21
Q

embryo

A

An embryo is a multicellular diploid eukaryote in its earliest stage of development

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22
Q

hypocotyl

A

bottom half of cotyledon

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23
Q

epicotyl

A

the top half of cotyledon

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24
Q

radicle

A

the bottom tip of hypocotyl

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25
Q

T or F

oviducts are only in females

A

F
vas deference
fallopian tube

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26
Q

endoderm

A

inner curve

alimentary canal

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27
Q

mesoderm

A

inside of gastrula

blood, bone, muscle

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28
Q

ectoderm

A

outer curve

skin, central nervous system

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29
Q

how many polars do you need to a sperm for plants for double fertilisation

A

2

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30
Q

the male of the flower

A

stamen

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31
Q

female of the flower

A

pistal

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32
Q

what produces pollen

A

anther

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33
Q

where does the sperm develop in a plant

A

pollen

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34
Q

where does the egg develop in a plant

A

ovule

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35
Q

the part of the embryo which develops into the roots is the

A

radical

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36
Q

where does meiosis happen in a plant

A

the anther and ovule

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37
Q

gamete

A

egg/sperm

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38
Q

where does a pollen grain begin to germinate?

A

at the stigma

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39
Q

genus/geranium

A

plant

40
Q

geranium plant cells are generally diploid or monoploid

A

diploid

41
Q

pollen tubes are passageways for

A

sperm nuclei

42
Q

self-pollination can be avoided by

A

removing the anthers

43
Q

in plants: order of sexual reproduction

A

formation of pollen
pollination
growth of pollen tube
fertilisation

44
Q

which structure in seeds has a similar function as an egg yolk

A

cotyledon

45
Q

which process is not involved in the development of an acorn into a mature oak tree?

a. mitosis
b. growth of cells
c. meiosis

A

c

46
Q

the process of dormant seeds growing

A

germination

47
Q

the main function of meristem tissue

A

produce new cells

48
Q

what is the first part of the baby that emerges

A

radiacal
hypocotyl
becomes roots and lower part of plant

49
Q

what is the second part of the baby that emerges

A

epicotyl

becomes upper part of plant

50
Q

how do babies get bigger

A

mitosis

51
Q

what re the fuzzies on a root

A

root hairs

52
Q

what is the purpose of root hairs

A

increase surface areas for water osmosis

53
Q

pollinators

A

move sperm from A to B

54
Q

fertilization in humas

A

upper region of fellopian tube

55
Q

meiotic division happens in the

A

testes/ovary

56
Q

made of maternal and embryonic tissue

A

placenta

57
Q

becomes modified by hormonal action in preparation for implantation

A

uterus

58
Q

contains watery environment

A

amnion

59
Q

typical sequence of menstrual cycle

A

follicle formation
ovulation
corpus luteum
menstruation

60
Q

which two structures mainly produce the hormones that control reproduction

A

pituitary

ovaries

61
Q

multiple births may occur with

A

multiple ovulations

62
Q

which stage of the menstrual ccle does not take place if zygote formation occurs

A

menstruation

63
Q

how does human embryo recieve most of its nourishment

A

diffusion from the mothers blood into its own blood system

64
Q

follicle is a cavity where

a. an egg cell is produced
b. an egg cell is fertilized
c. zygote undergoes cleavage

A

an egg cell is produced

65
Q

when does ovulation occur

A

in the middle of the cycle: day 14

66
Q

what hormone triggers ovulation

A

LH leutenizing hormone

67
Q

where does the LH hormone come from

A

pituitary gland

68
Q

what is the target of LH hormone

A

follicle

69
Q

where does FSH come from

A

pituitary

70
Q

where does FSH target

A

ovary

71
Q

FSH does what

A

makes follicle get egg of the month and puts it in follicle bubble

72
Q

in the first half of the menstrual cycle

A

more estrogen

less progestrone

73
Q

later half of menstrual

A

more progestrone

less estrogen

74
Q

most control over menstrual cycle

strongest to weakest

A

hypothalamus
pituitary
ovary
uterus

75
Q

the 3 cell cup shape thing

A

gastrula

76
Q

eggs and sperm are similar in that both
a. develop in specialized organs called gonads
b have adaptations for locomotion
c. have the same relative amount of cytoplasm

A

a

77
Q

locomotion

A

movement of cells

78
Q

a single primary sex cell may produce four gamets. these gametes are known as

a. diploids
b. egg cells
c. polar bodies
d. sperm cells

A

d

79
Q

two things responsible for the maintenance of the chromosome numbers

a. mitosis and meiosis
b. meiosis and fertilisation
c. cleavage and differentiation

A

b

80
Q

from which human embryonic layder do the skin and nervous system develop?

A

ectoderm

81
Q

endoderm makes

A

alimentary canal

82
Q

hollow ball stage

A

bastula

83
Q

why is the testes away from the body

A

if its too warm no proper meiosis

84
Q

where is the seminal fluid pumped from

A

prostate

85
Q

what is in seminal fluid

A

glucose to charge ATP and do respiration

86
Q

urethra

A

pee and semen

87
Q

condoms can avoid

A

preg

std

88
Q

vasectomy

A
cut vas def
only seminal fluid
no sperm
normal sex 
testosterone through blood
89
Q

papsmear

A

scrape uterus and cervix to check for cancer cells

90
Q

when does implantation occur

A

after 1 week

91
Q

gastula is how many cells thick

A

3

92
Q

where does the spine and brain come from

A

ectoderm

93
Q

what do outer cells of bastula become

A

childs side of placenta

94
Q

tubal ligation

A

vasectomy for fallopean tubes

95
Q

venereal disease

A

STD