mitosis/meiosis

Question 1

7. How is the chromosome number maintained constant from generation to generation in sexual reproducing animals?

Answer 1

BEFORE YOU COMBINE TWO GENETIC CODES IN SEX (FERTILIZATION) YOU MUST TAKE EACH OF THE TWO DIPLOID PARENTS AND SEPARATE THEIR TWO GENETIC CODES. THIS IS CALLED MEIOSIS. YOU PUT ONE OF THEIR GENETIC CODES INTO A GAMETE CELL AND THE OTHER ONE IN ANOTHER GAMETE CELL. THEREFORE WHEN YOU COMBINE THE 1N GAMETE CELL WITH ANOTHER 1N GAMETE CELL, YOU WILL GET A BABY WITH NORMAL DIPLOID CELLS. THIS WILL KEEP THE CHROMOSOME NUMBER ALWAYS 2N.

Question 2

What is the advantage to a species when crossing-over occurs?

Answer 2

VARIATION! VARIATION IS THE KEY TO EVOLUTION CHANGE.

Question 3

haploid

Answer 3

monoploid

Question 4

interphase

Answer 4

DNA replicate

Question 5

prophase

Answer 5

nuclear membran taken apart

spindle fibers form and attach to chromosome

Question 6

metaphase

Answer 6

spindle fibers bring chromosome to center

Question 7

anaphase

Answer 7

chromosome copies separated by spindle

Question 8

telophase

Answer 8

cell finish cytokenisis with new nuclear membrane and 2 cells

Question 9

mitosis

Answer 9

replication and separation of chromosomes

Question 10

cytokinesis

Answer 10

separation of cytoplasm

Question 11

Oogenesis

Answer 11

eggs

2N-> small and big

Question 12

dead eggs

Answer 12

polar

Question 13

each human gamete has

a. the monoploid chromosome number
b. 23 chromosomes
c. diploid chromosome number

Answer 13

a

Question 14

gamete

Answer 14

sex cell

Question 15

how many sex cells are produced by a gamete of a male/female

Answer 15

millions/1

Question 16

zygote

Answer 16

2 cells joined

pre-fetus

Question 17

the non zygotes are the

Answer 17

polar bodies

Question 18

diploid chromosomes in meiosis are results of

Answer 18

fertilization

Question 19

can egg cells produce gametes?

Answer 19

no

Question 20

meiosis happens during

a. mitosis
b. oogenesis
c. replication

Answer 20

oogenesis

Question 21

paramecium

Answer 21

unicellular

Question 22

found in plant mitosis but not animal mitosis

Answer 22

cell plate

Question 23

found in animals but not plant mitosis

Answer 23

centriols

Question 24

centriols

Answer 24

the things that go to the opposing sides of the cell

Question 25

resting stage

Answer 25

interphase

Question 26

the synthesis of a double stranded chromosome is known as

Answer 26

replication

Question 27

during mitosis, a spindle fiber is attached to a double stranded chromosome at the

Answer 27

centromere

Question 28

the structure that holds the two chromatids together

Answer 28

centromere

Question 29

a pair of chromosomes that regulate the same traits are called ___ chromosomes

Answer 29

homologous

Question 30

the number of chromosomes in a single set of homologs is hte ___ number

Answer 30

diploid

Question 31

the number of cell divisions occuring during meiosis is

Answer 31

2