Cardiac unit Flashcards
what is transport?
the process where substances move in and out of cells or are distributed through them
why do large/complex organisms need a circulatory system?
because not all the cells are exposed to the environment such as oxygen
what does the circulatory system consist of?
- a fluid where materials are transported
- a network of tubes or space where the fluid flows
- a pump that drives the fluid
what is a human’s most common circulatory system?
their blood
portist
unicellular
no circulatory system
take nutrition from food vacuole (diffusion/active transport)
cyclosis
streaming of cytoplasm
hydra
multicellular
live in water
hydra’s transport
no circulatory system
ectoderm, outer layer, is by water
endodoerm, inner layer, is in direct contact with gastrovascular cavity
stretches and contracts to move around nutrients
earthworm’s transport
has organs and organ systems
blood carries hemoglobin
hemoglobin
in red blood cell
has 4 polypeptides
carries iron and oxygen
earthworm’s two major blood vessels
dorsal and ventral vessel
dorsal-above digestive
ventral-below digestive
where does the iron in hemoglobin come from?
digestion
where does the oxygen in hemoglobin come from?
the lungs
aorlic arches
the worm’s heart equivilant
five strands of blood connected at the head and tail
grasshopper circulatory system
open
what does it mean to have an open circulatory system?
the blood flows directly to your cells
grasshopper’s “heart”
aorla
above digestive
why is grasshopper’s blood clear
no hemoglobin
so cannot transport oxygen or iron
only nutrients and nitrogen waste
water’s job
what everything floats in
RBC
carry oxygen
WBC
defense makes antibodies
antibodies
agglutinates antigens
antigens
bad foreigners
hormones
affect cells to do homeostasis
platelets
initiate clotting
urea
toxin
bicarbonate ion
garbage CO2
hemoglobins are?
proteins
what rubs against the cut?
platelet
what is the final prodcut that covers the cut?
fibrin net
how does the cut seal?
by getting RBC caught in it
why doesn’t lymph contain RBC or platelets or large proteins?
they are too big to travel in the capillaries
how does nutrient get inside your body cells?
Through the villi
pulmonary
lungs
systematic
carry gasses/nutrients all over
cardiovascular
carry blood to and from heart
cyclosis
transport within cell
what do you need to have homeostasis?
oxygen
reactant to respiration
O+glucose=respiration –> charge ATP
2 types of cardiovascular
open or closed
closed cardiovasc.
circulation
leakage=bleeding
open cadiovasc.
sinus
no vascular
in order of muscularity
right/left ventricle
left/right atrium
- left ventricle
- right ventricle
- atrium
cardio
heart
vascular
pipe
gastro
stomach
hepatic
liver
pulmonary
lungs
why does your veins have the slowest blood and thinner than arteries?
furthest from left ventricle
speed up by stretching and using SKELATOL muscles
how does the artery bump move?
like a wave
the branching network of membrane tubes in the cell membrane for the intake of materials is known as ____
endoplasmic reticulum
the heart chamber that pumps blood to lungs
right ventricle
blood moves because of pressure exerted by?
skeletoral muscle
the heart chamber that pumps blood to every cell of the body is
left ventricle
the largest artery in the body is the?
aorta
the hardening of the arteries is called?
ateriochlorisis
which can readily pass through the cell membrane?
protein
glucose
fats
starch
glucose
plasmolysis
Plasmolysis is the process in plant cells where the cytoplasm pulls away from the cell wall due to the loss of water through osmosis.
how can plasmolysis happen?
osmosis
lacteal
lyphatic capillary
what are arteries made of?
elastic protein
smooth muscle
what prevents backward flow of blood?
valves
for the blood of a normal person to pass from teh right side of the heart to the left side, it must
a. enter the lymph vessels
b. pass through the lungs
b
heart murmur
when blood unnaturally passes through your heart valve
the largest most muscular artery is
the aorta
blood circulation that never leaves the pipe is called
closed cardiovascular
how does the blood in a worm move?
front to back
earthwrom’s blood picks up oxygen at the moist ___
skin
the live tries to make more glucose when the glucose in the blood decreases or increases?
decreases
homeostasis
lymph vessels in the villia are called
lacteals
where do RBC come from?
bone marrow
where do dead RBC go?
liver
how long do RBCs live?
120 days
the liquid bit of blood
plasma
erd pigment in blood
hemoglobin
WBC phagocytes moved by ___
phagocytosis
what aids in blood clotting
platelets
a foreign protein
antigen
blood proteins containing antibodies are where?
plasma
a dorsal tubular heart belongs to a
a. earthworm
b. grasshopper
c. fish
b
the method where WBC remove bacterial invaders
phagocytosis
why cant plasma be typed?
has no RBC
another name for lymph?
intercellular fluid
RBC vs. WBC where can they go?
WBC anywhere (lymph)
where do the WBC hangout?
in the lymph node
where does the internal (bruise blood) go?
into the lymph
what is the swollenness from lymph called?
adema
where does the dicarbon ions come from
respiration
constricted or dialated have faster blood flow?
constricted
sphincter-smooth-muscle-valve
round control muscle
blood clots consist of
fibrin
corlupsels
