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Cardiac unit Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is transport?

A

the process where substances move in and out of cells or are distributed through them

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2
Q

why do large/complex organisms need a circulatory system?

A

because not all the cells are exposed to the environment such as oxygen

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3
Q

what does the circulatory system consist of?

A
  1. a fluid where materials are transported
  2. a network of tubes or space where the fluid flows
  3. a pump that drives the fluid
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4
Q

what is a human’s most common circulatory system?

A

their blood

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5
Q

portist

A

unicellular
no circulatory system
take nutrition from food vacuole (diffusion/active transport)

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6
Q

cyclosis

A

streaming of cytoplasm

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7
Q

hydra

A

multicellular

live in water

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8
Q

hydra’s transport

A

no circulatory system
ectoderm, outer layer, is by water
endodoerm, inner layer, is in direct contact with gastrovascular cavity
stretches and contracts to move around nutrients

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9
Q

earthworm’s transport

A

has organs and organ systems

blood carries hemoglobin

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10
Q

hemoglobin

A

in red blood cell
has 4 polypeptides
carries iron and oxygen

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11
Q

earthworm’s two major blood vessels

A

dorsal and ventral vessel
dorsal-above digestive
ventral-below digestive

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12
Q

where does the iron in hemoglobin come from?

A

digestion

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13
Q

where does the oxygen in hemoglobin come from?

A

the lungs

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14
Q

aorlic arches

A

the worm’s heart equivilant

five strands of blood connected at the head and tail

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15
Q

grasshopper circulatory system

A

open

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16
Q

what does it mean to have an open circulatory system?

A

the blood flows directly to your cells

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17
Q

grasshopper’s “heart”

A

aorla

above digestive

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18
Q

why is grasshopper’s blood clear

A

no hemoglobin
so cannot transport oxygen or iron
only nutrients and nitrogen waste

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19
Q

water’s job

A

what everything floats in

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20
Q

RBC

A

carry oxygen

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21
Q

WBC

A

defense makes antibodies

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22
Q

antibodies

A

agglutinates antigens

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23
Q

antigens

A

bad foreigners

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24
Q

hormones

A

affect cells to do homeostasis

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25
Q

platelets

A

initiate clotting

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26
Q

urea

A

toxin

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27
Q

bicarbonate ion

A

garbage CO2

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28
Q

hemoglobins are?

A

proteins

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29
Q

what rubs against the cut?

A

platelet

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30
Q

what is the final prodcut that covers the cut?

A

fibrin net

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31
Q

how does the cut seal?

A

by getting RBC caught in it

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32
Q

why doesn’t lymph contain RBC or platelets or large proteins?

A

they are too big to travel in the capillaries

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33
Q

how does nutrient get inside your body cells?

A

Through the villi

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34
Q

pulmonary

A

lungs

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35
Q

systematic

A

carry gasses/nutrients all over

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36
Q

cardiovascular

A

carry blood to and from heart

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37
Q

cyclosis

A

transport within cell

38
Q

what do you need to have homeostasis?

A

oxygen

reactant to respiration
O+glucose=respiration –> charge ATP

39
Q

2 types of cardiovascular

A

open or closed

40
Q

closed cardiovasc.

A

circulation

leakage=bleeding

41
Q

open cadiovasc.

A

sinus

no vascular

42
Q

in order of muscularity
right/left ventricle
left/right atrium

A
  1. left ventricle
  2. right ventricle
  3. atrium
43
Q

cardio

A

heart

44
Q

vascular

A

pipe

45
Q

gastro

A

stomach

46
Q

hepatic

A

liver

47
Q

pulmonary

A

lungs

48
Q

why does your veins have the slowest blood and thinner than arteries?

A

furthest from left ventricle

speed up by stretching and using SKELATOL muscles

49
Q

how does the artery bump move?

A

like a wave

50
Q

the branching network of membrane tubes in the cell membrane for the intake of materials is known as ____

A

endoplasmic reticulum

51
Q

the heart chamber that pumps blood to lungs

A

right ventricle

52
Q

blood moves because of pressure exerted by?

A

skeletoral muscle

53
Q

the heart chamber that pumps blood to every cell of the body is

A

left ventricle

54
Q

the largest artery in the body is the?

A

aorta

55
Q

the hardening of the arteries is called?

A

ateriochlorisis

56
Q

which can readily pass through the cell membrane?

protein
glucose
fats
starch

A

glucose

57
Q

plasmolysis

A

Plasmolysis is the process in plant cells where the cytoplasm pulls away from the cell wall due to the loss of water through osmosis.

58
Q

how can plasmolysis happen?

A

osmosis

59
Q

lacteal

A

lyphatic capillary

60
Q

what are arteries made of?

A

elastic protein

smooth muscle

61
Q

what prevents backward flow of blood?

A

valves

62
Q

for the blood of a normal person to pass from teh right side of the heart to the left side, it must

a. enter the lymph vessels
b. pass through the lungs

A

b

63
Q

heart murmur

A

when blood unnaturally passes through your heart valve

64
Q

the largest most muscular artery is

A

the aorta

65
Q

blood circulation that never leaves the pipe is called

A

closed cardiovascular

66
Q

how does the blood in a worm move?

A

front to back

67
Q

earthwrom’s blood picks up oxygen at the moist ___

A

skin

68
Q

the live tries to make more glucose when the glucose in the blood decreases or increases?

A

decreases

homeostasis

69
Q

lymph vessels in the villia are called

A

lacteals

70
Q

where do RBC come from?

A

bone marrow

71
Q

where do dead RBC go?

A

liver

72
Q

how long do RBCs live?

A

120 days

73
Q

the liquid bit of blood

A

plasma

74
Q

erd pigment in blood

A

hemoglobin

75
Q

WBC phagocytes moved by ___

A

phagocytosis

76
Q

what aids in blood clotting

A

platelets

77
Q

a foreign protein

A

antigen

78
Q

blood proteins containing antibodies are where?

A

plasma

79
Q

a dorsal tubular heart belongs to a

a. earthworm
b. grasshopper
c. fish

A

b

80
Q

the method where WBC remove bacterial invaders

A

phagocytosis

81
Q

why cant plasma be typed?

A

has no RBC

82
Q

another name for lymph?

A

intercellular fluid

83
Q

RBC vs. WBC where can they go?

A

WBC anywhere (lymph)

84
Q

where do the WBC hangout?

A

in the lymph node

85
Q

where does the internal (bruise blood) go?

A

into the lymph

86
Q

what is the swollenness from lymph called?

A

adema

87
Q

where does the dicarbon ions come from

A

respiration

88
Q

constricted or dialated have faster blood flow?

A

constricted

89
Q

sphincter-smooth-muscle-valve

A

round control muscle

90
Q

blood clots consist of

A

fibrin

corlupsels

Bio (10 decks)

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