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BOT 261 > Plant Hormones > Flashcards

Plant Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Auxin

A 
Branching
-Inhibition of lateral branching
Growth
-Promotes root branch growth
Embryonic patterning
Stem cell maintenance 
Organ initiation
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2
Q

Cytokinins

A 
Cell division
Control of leaf senescence
Controls nutrient allocation
Stem cell maintenance
Initiation of lateral branching
Inhibition of rooting (root nodule development)
Inhibits Auxin
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3
Q

Gibberellins

A 
Growth
-Cell elongation
-Height of plant
Seed germination
Promote flowering
Sex determination
Fruit growth
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4
Q

Brassinosteroids

A

Cell elongation (loosens Cell walls —> turgor pressure)
Pollen tube growth
Seed germination
Differentiation of vascular tissues and root hairs
Stress tolerance

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5
Q

Strigolactones

A

Inhibit branch outgrowth

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6
Q

Phytohormones

A 
Auxin
Cytokinins
Gibberellins
Brassinosteroids
Strigolactones
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7
Q

Gibberellin and ethylene flower development

A

Cucumber- ethylene = female flower, GA = male flower
Maize - GA suppresses anther development in female flower
Pineapple - ethylene promotes flower formation

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8
Q

GA and brewers

A

GA promotes breakdown of starch in endosperm —> reducing sugars used in embryo
GA added to hops
Yeast use sugars in fermentation to ethanol

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9
Q

Blue light receptors

A

Phototropins
-Activates genes involved in auxin signaling and biosynthesis and chloroplast movement
Cryptochromes
-inhibits stem elongation
Zeaxanthin
-mediates blue light reception in guard cells

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10
Q

3 steps to signal transduction

A

Reception
Transduction
Response

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11
Q

Natural auxin

A

Indole-3-acetic acid

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12
Q

Synthetic Auxin

A

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

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13
Q

Auxin vs cytokinins at meristem

A

CK:
Promote stem cell fate at shoot apical meristem
Promote differentiation at root apical meristem
IAA:
Promote lateral organ initiation at shoot apical meristem
Maintain stem cell fate at the root apical meristem

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14
Q

Ethylene

A 
Control of fruit ripening
Promotes Leaf and petal senescence
Cell division and elongation
Sex determination
Root growth control
Stress responses
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15
Q

Abscisic acid

A

Seed maturation and dormancy
Desiccation tolerance
Stress response
Control of stomatal aperture

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16
Q

Jasmonates

A

Response to necrotrophic pathogens
Antiherbivory responses
Production of herbivore-induced volatiles
—> primes other tissues and attracts predatory insects

17
Q

Salicylic acid

A

Response to biotrophic pathogens
Induced defense response
Systemic acquired resistance

18
Q

Phytochrome roles

A

Control flowering
Modulator of circadian rhythms
Regulates sleep movements in leaves
Plant adaptation to light quality changes

19
Q

Blue-light response

A 
Stimulates Asymmetric growth and bending
Inhibits stem elongation
Regulates gene expression
Stimulates stomatal opening
Activates chloroplast movement

BOT 261 (9 decks)

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