Plant Architechture

Question 1

Development

Answer 1

Qualitative changes of living systems, whereby existing form and function are transformed into new form and functions

Question 2

Phytohormones

Answer 2

Regulate cellular activities, pattern formation, organogenesis, reproduction, sex determination and response to abiotic and biotic stress

Question 3

Roles of hormones

Answer 3

Development
Cell-cell communication
Long distance communication
Response to environment

Question 4

Commercial use of auxin

Answer 4

Fruit production and horticulture
Seedless fruits
Auxinic herbicides for broad-leaf plants

Question 5

Gibberellins

Answer 5

Promote plant growth
DELLA proteins inhibit growth through blocking transcription
GA triggers DELLA protein proteolysis

Question 6

Limit ethylene effects

Answer 6

Limit production: high CO2 or low O2
Removal from air: KMnO4 reaction
Interfere with binding receptor: Sodium Thiosulfate

Question 7

Abscisic acid

Answer 7

Reduces aperture of guard cells by facilitating movement of ions (K+ and Cl-) out of cells; water following.
Allows Ca2+ into cells

Question 8

Crosstalk

Answer 8

Occurs when two pathways are not independent

It can be positive (additive or synergistic), or negative

Question 9

Defense signaling crosstalk examples

Answer 9

JA and SA pathways are mutually antagonistic

-both are antagonized by ABA

Question 10

Photomorphogenesis

Answer 10

Effect of light on plant development and cellular metabolism

Question 11

Phytochrome A

Answer 11

Mediates response to continuous far red light

Question 12

Phytochrome B

Answer 12

Mediates response to continuous white or red light

• HIR responses
• seed germination

Question 13

Phytochromes C, D, E

Answer 13

D, E - control of flowering time