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Intro to Botany > Plant Evolution / taxonomy > Flashcards

Plant Evolution / taxonomy Flashcards

1
Q

Heteroproph

A

Must consume plants animals, fungi, etc as a food source

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2
Q

Autotroph

A

produce own food (plant for example)

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3
Q

Trophic pyramid

A

How food enrgy is passed through the food chain

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4
Q

Current global food production can sustain earth IF ____

A

there is radical social change to consume more plants and more parts of plants

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5
Q

Ecosystem service

A

benefit provided to humans by the natural environment

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6
Q

Where is most of the C on earth

A

the ground
2x as much as the atmosphere

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7
Q

How does carbon get into the soil

A

Plants
help reverse climate change

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8
Q

How do roots help climate change

A

Absorb N and P to not getting into waterways
also helps prevent soil erosion

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9
Q

What common ancestor do plants come from

A

green algae

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10
Q

territorialization

A

WHen plants left sea and colonized land

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11
Q

Result of territorialization

A

increased o2 in atmosphere
nutrients were scavenged from rocks
soils were built up by plants
energy and o2 provided by plants supported animal evolution

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12
Q

3 things for evolution

A

inheritible
over time
to a population

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13
Q

anthropomorphism

A

to give a plant human characteristics

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14
Q

teleology

A

perceiving or assuming things as having a purpose rather than understanding the cause by which these things came to exist

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15
Q

taxonomy

A

study of classification and how we organize living things

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16
Q

why do taxonomists use latin

A

its a dead language, wont change

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17
Q

prokaryotes

A

single celled organisms, dna in nucleus

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18
Q

eukaryotes

A

single or multicellular organisms w a membrane and dna in nucleus

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19
Q

domain

A

highest level of taxonomy

20
Q

3 domains

A

bacteria- pro
Archaea- pro
eukaryotes- eykaryotes (plants)

21
Q

Domain - species

A

Domain kingdom phylum class order family genus species

22
Q

Kingdom (4)

A

animalia
plantae
fungi
protista (diatoms)

23
Q

Not all things that do photosynthesis are plants

A

not all plants do photosynthesis

24
Q

Plants two groups (in phylum)

A

vascular and non-vascular plants

25
Q

gynosperms

A

naked seeds
x produce flowers

26
Q

Angiosperms

A

make flowers
seeds develop within a fruit
only one phylum : magnoliophyta

27
Q

2 classes withing magnoliophyte phylum

A

liliopsida (monocots)
Magnoliopsida (dicots)

28
Q

Species

A

closely related group that shre similar characterists and can interbreed and produce viable offspring

29
Q

Binomial nomenclature

A

2 names used to identify a species

30
Q

Genus + _____ = species name

A

Specific epithet

31
Q

specific epithet

A

the second part of the species name

32
Q

Subspecies

A

Populationso f plants that are the same species but are permanently geographically isolated so not interbreeding

33
Q

domestication

A

wild plants evolve into a crop plant through artifical selection (humans select for certain traits)

34
Q

is genetically altered the same as genetic engineering

A

no, (old corn vs new corn

35
Q

qualities of a Variety of a plant

A

Has unique and stable chararcteistics
plant a seed from variety, plant that grows will look and act like parent plant
the plants look / act differently than other plants within a species

36
Q

variety name comes before or after species name

A

after

37
Q

hybrid

A

2 parents from diff species reproduce togteher and produce an offspring

38
Q

intraspecific hybrid

A

cross between 2 parents that are from the same species, but they are 2 different varieties

39
Q

Why do breeders make plants genetically uniform

A

harvest at same time, chemically treat at the same time, mamagement easierq

40
Q

intraspecific hybrid

A

(F1 Cross)
crossing 2 genetically unform parents to create intraspecific hybrid

41
Q

Genetic Engineering

A

manipulation of an organisms genes by introducing eliminating or rearranging specific genes using th emethods of modern molecular biology

42
Q

Genetic Modification

A

Genetic engineering or natrually selecting

43
Q

Cultivar

A

cultivated variety
produced by human intervention and maintained through human management

44
Q

Are cultivars bred for specific characteristics

A

yes

45
Q

What happens if a seed is planted from a cultivarq

A

it wont resemble its parents

46
Q

How can a cultivar be created

A

hybrid
genetic engineering
rarely ever captured from wild and maintained

47
Q

Carl Linnaeus

A

taxonomy guy linnaean classification

Intro to Botany (27 decks)

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