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Botany - Year 1, Sem 1 > Plant Cell > Flashcards

Plant Cell Flashcards

1
Q

Functional unit of life; unit of growth,
development, heredity and
regeneration

A

Cell

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2
Q

first person to
describe and coin the term ‘cell’

A

Robert Hooke

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3
Q

Who said that cells form by free-cell
formation (spontaneous generation)?

A

Matthias Schleiden and
Theodor Schwann

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4
Q

living organisms came from a non-living organism

A

Abiogenesis

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5
Q

“Omnis cellula
e cellula”

A

Rudolf Virchow

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6
Q

Who did Virchow plagiarize?

A

Robert Remak; Joseph & John
Goodsir

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7
Q

3 Tenets of Cell Theory

A
  • All living organisms are composed of cells
  • Cells are the structural and organizational unit
    of life
  • All cells come from pre-existing cells
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8
Q

true nucleus, linear chromosomes, in most living organisms

Eukaryote vs. Prokaryote

A

Eukaryote

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9
Q

Living portion of the cell, cytoplasm + nucleus

A

Protoplasm

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10
Q

shrinking of protoplasm, plasma membrane pulls away from cell wall due to water loss

A

plasmolysis

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11
Q

dependent sub-cellular units, performs
division of labor

A

Organelles

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12
Q

structure that provides turgidity of the cell, found in plant cells & bacteria

A

cell wall

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13
Q

Primary component of the cell wall?

A

cellulose

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14
Q

Primary component of the cell wall?

A

cellulose

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15
Q

communication channels for cells

A

Plasmodesmata

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16
Q

Double layer, semi permeable membrane

A

Cell membrane

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17
Q

3 functions of the cell membrane

A

Protection, Digestion, Insulation

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18
Q

Primary component of cell membrane

A

phospholipid

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19
Q

Primary components of phospolipids.

A

carbs, proteins, & lipids

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20
Q

Hydrophilic____
Hydrophobic ____

Cell membrane

A

Hydrophilic head
Hydrophobic tail

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21
Q

“Governor” of the cell, contains genetic material

A

Nucleus

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22
Q

The nucleus is separated from cytoplasm by?

A

the nuclear membrane

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23
Q

the nuclear membrane is made up of how many layers?

A

Two

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24
Q

Openings that allow material to
enter and leave the nucleus?

A

nuclear pores

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25
Q

What is the largest nuclear organelle and the primary site for ribosome biogenesis?

A

nucleolus

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26
Q

suspension substance of the nucleus?

A

Nucleoplasm

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27
Q

Meshwork of protein filaments

A

Nuclear lamina

28
Q
  • found in the nucleus
  • made of DNA
A

Chromosomes

29
Q

Humans have how many diploid
chromosomes?

A

46

30
Q

What has 24 diploid
chromosome?

A

Oryza sativa

31
Q

Trisomy 21’s common name?

A

Down syndrome

32
Q

Gel-like suspension substance of the cell; has hereditary material, site of anaerobic respiration

A

Cytoplasm

33
Q

fluid part of the cytoplasm

A

Cytosol

34
Q

membranous channels ; delivery system of the cell

A

Endoplasmic
reticulum

35
Q

infoldings of the ER

A

Cisternae

36
Q

function of the ER

A

transport, storage and
protein synthesis

37
Q

Two types of ER

A

Rough and smooth.

38
Q

Function of the rough ER

A

Protein synthesis, processing &
packaging

39
Q

Function of the smooth ER

A

synthesis of fats (lipids) & steroid hormones

40
Q

Why is the rough ER rough?

A

Because of ribosomes.

41
Q

What is found in thousands in all cells?

A

Ribosomes

42
Q

2 types of Ribosomes?

A

Free and attached

43
Q

“Powerhouse of the Cell”; site of aerobic respiration

A

Mitochondria

44
Q

function of the mitochondria

A

Energy formation

45
Q

What is the major fuel for energy-requiring cell activities?

A

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

46
Q

vanishing mitochondria

A

Monocercomonoides

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Botany - Year 1, Sem 1 (5 decks)

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