Plant Biology

Question 1

What substance does the xylem transport

Answer 1

Water

Question 2

What substance does the phloem transport

Answer 2

Sugars and minerals

Question 3

Adaptations of a Xylem

Answer 3

• have tough walls containing a woody material called lignin
• are impermeable to water

Question 4

Root hair cells adaptations

Answer 4

• large surface area to increase the rate of absorption
• contain lots of mitochondria, which release energy from glucose during respiration in order to provide the energy needed for active transport

Question 5

Stomata adaptations

Answer 5

In bright light the guard cells take in water by osmosis and become plump and turgid. In low light the guard cells lose water and become flaccid, causing the stomata to close (when no carbon dioxide is needed for photosynthesis)