PLANT & ANIMAL CELLS

Question 1

What is a cell?

Answer 1

Cells are the building blocks of life

Cells are the smallest units in an organism

Question 2

What is a tissue?

Answer 2

a group of cells doing the same job

Question 3

What is an organism?

Answer 3

a living thing made of cells

Question 4

Name part A

Answer 4

cell membrane

a barrier that controls

what moves in and out of the cell

Question 5

Name part B

Answer 5

cytoplasm

where chemical reactions take place

Question 6

Name part C

Answer 6

nucleus

controls the cell

contains the genetic material (DNA)

needed to make new cells

Question 7

Name part D

Answer 7

cell wall

strengthens the cell

provides support

Question 8

Name part E

Answer 8

chloroplast

Question 9

Name part F

Answer 9

permanent large vacuole

contains cell sap

keeps cell firm

Question 10

Name 3 parts you find

in a plant cell

but not in an animal cell

Answer 10

cell wall

chloroplasts

permanent vacuole

Question 11

What is the function of a

plant cell’s permanent vacuole?

Answer 11

keep the cell rigid/firm

store substances in its cell sap

Question 12

In which part of a plant cell

is cell sap stored?

Answer 12

permanent vacuole

Question 13

In which part of a cell

do you find DNA?

Answer 13

inside the nucleus (control centre)

Question 14

Which cell structure controls

what enters and leaves the cell?

Answer 14

cell membrane

nutrients in / waste out

Question 15

Which cell structure controls

how the cell works

(the control centre)?

Answer 15

nucleus (control centre)

Question 16

Where does respiration take place?

Answer 16

mitochondria

respiration is a chemical reaction that transfers energy

Question 17

Which plant cell structure

contains chlorophyll?

Answer 17

chloroplasts

Question 18

What part of a cell controls

the cell’s activities?

Answer 18

nucleus

Question 19

What is the cytoplasm?

Answer 19

jelly-like substance where

chemical reactions happen

Question 20

What does a chloroplast contain and what is its function?

Answer 20

contains chlorophyll

captures energy from sunlight to make food (a sugar called glucose)

(photosynthesis)

Question 21

What does a cell membrane control?

Answer 21

what goes in (nutrients)

and out (waste) of a cell

Question 22

What is the function of a cell wall?

Answer 22

supports & strengthens the cell

Question 23

Name three things a plant cell has

but an animal cell does not

Answer 23

chloroplasts

permanent large vacuole

cell wall

Question 24

What is the function of mitochondrion?

Answer 24

the powerhouse

they produce energy

using respiration (plant ‘breathing’)

Question 25

Are animal cells & plant cells

eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Answer 25

eukaryotic (have a nucleus)

eu is Greek for ‘true’ = true cells

Question 26

What do bacteria use to move about?

Answer 26

flagella (tail)

Question 27

Are bacteria cells

eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Answer 27

prokaryotic (NO nucleus)

pro is Greek for ‘before’ = before eukaryotic (true) cells

Question 28

What are gametes?

Answer 28

sex cells

Question 29

What does the nucleus contain?

Answer 29

DNA

(genetic information

to grow and reproduce)

Question 30

Name the smallest animal cell in the human body?

Answer 30

red blood cell

(125 red blood cells = 1 mm)

Question 31

Name the largest animal cell in the human body

Answer 31

egg cell (ovum)

(10 egg cells = 1 mm)

Question 32

How do forensic scientists help capture criminals?

Answer 32

collect skin, blood and hair cells from crime scenes

DNA inside the nucleus is unique for every human

Question 33

What do red blood cells do?

Answer 33

carry oxygen around the body

Question 34

Why are red blood cells

good at carrying O2?

Answer 34

flat disc shape = large surface area to carry O2

Question 35

What do nerve cells do?

Answer 35

carry messages up and down the body by transmitting electrical signals

Question 36

What do muscle cells do?

Answer 36

pull together to make muscles contract (get shorter and fatter)

bring parts of the body closer together

Question 37

What is cellulose?

Answer 37

in cell walls

makes them stiff & strong

Question 38

Name two cells where you find chloroplasts

Answer 38

plant cells

algae cells

(for photosynthesis)

Question 39

What is an amoeba?

Answer 39

unicellular organism​ (made of just one cell)

Question 40

What organelles are found in an amoeba?

Answer 40

nucleus (control the cell)

cytoplasm (jelly-like substance)

contracting vacuole (suck up water)

cell membrane

(to keep the nuclues & cytoplasm inside)

Question 41

Is an amoeba an animal or a plant cell or nether?

Answer 41

neither

amoeba only have one cell plants/animals have many cells

Question 42

Is a euglena unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 42

unicellular

(made out of one cell)

Question 43

Name the 6 organelles found inside a euglena

Answer 43

1. cytoplasm (jelly-like substance)
2. nucleus (control centre)
3. choloroplasts (trap energy from sun to make food using photosynthesis)
4. contractile vacuole
5. cell membrane (keep nucleus & cytoplasm inside)
6. flagellum (to swim in fresh water)

Question 44

Is a euglena an animal cell, a plant cell or neither?

Explain why

Answer 44

neither

it’s unicellular (plant & animal cells are multicellular)

Question 45

Name this specialised cell

Answer 45

root hair cell (plant)

Question 46

What do root hair cells do?

Answer 46

absorb water + nutrients (nitrates) from soil

Question 47

do root hair cells have chloroplasts?

explain your answer

Answer 47

no chloroplasts as there’s no sunlight underground (no photosynthesis)