PLANT AND ANIMALS

Question 1

Group of organs that have a specific functions that work together to perform 1 or more actions

Answer 1

Organ system

Question 2

Cells form ___ when they work together

Answer 2

tissue

Question 3

_____ form tissue when they work together

Answer 3

cells

Question 4

Cell theory:

Answer 4

all living things are made up of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and cells are the smallest units of organism.

Question 5

____ forms organs when they work together

Answer 5

Tissue

Question 6

form systems when they work together

Answer 6

organs

Question 7

forms organisms (living organisms) when they work together

Answer 7

systems

Question 8

2 major forms of reproduction

Answer 8

sexual and asexual

Question 9

The process of creating a new individual uses two parent organisms.

Answer 9

sexual rep

Question 10

Each parent contributes a gamete a sex cell that has half of the normal DNA of a regular body cell. ​

Answer 10

sexual reproduction

Question 11

In males, the gametes are _____, and females, the gametes are _______

Answer 11

sperm and egg

Question 11

requires two parents

Answer 11

sexual reproduction

Question 11

When these two gametes combine during fertilization, the result is a zygote, which then develops into an embryo. ​

Answer 11

sexual reproduction

Question 12

Requires only one parent.​

Answer 12

Asexual

Question 13

A small growth (bud) forms on the parent’s body. The bud grows until it becomes an independent organism, then it detaches and starts living on its own. This is seen in yeast, hydra (a small aquatic animal), and some corals.

Answer 13

Budding

Question 13

4 major types of asexual reproduction

Answer 13

Binary, budding, fragmentation, parthenogenesis

Question 14

An organism breaks into pieces, and each piece regrows into a complete organism. Some organisms do this naturally, while others reproduce this way when injured. This method is found in starfish, flatworms, and some algae.

Answer 14

Fragmentation

Question 14

a single-celled organism splits into two identical organisms by copying its DNA and dividing. These are commonly found in bacteria, amoebas, and some algae.

Answer 14

Binary fission

Question 15

In this rare type of asexual reproduction, a female can produce offspring without mating. The offspring are usually clones of the mother or may have slight genetic differences. Found in bees, ants, some lizards, and even sharks.

Answer 15

Parthenogenesis

Question 16

Some organisms produce tiny reproductive cells called spores that can survive in harsh conditions. When conditions are right, these spores develop into new organisms.
This is commonly seen in fungi (like mushrooms), mold, and some bacteria.

Answer 16

Spore formation

Question 17

Some plants don’t need seeds to reproduce! They grow new plants from their roots, stems, or leaves This method ensures fast reproduction and is commonly used in agriculture. Examples include potatoes, strawberries, onions, and grasses.

Answer 17

Vegetative propagation

Question 18

Produce their foods thru photosynthesis

Answer 18

autotrophs

Question 18

primary producers of earths ecosystem

Answer 18

plant organ system

Question 19

2 organ systems of vascular plants

Answer 19

shoot and root system

Question 20

contains parts above the ground like flowers, fruits, leaves, buds, and more.​ Angiosperms, gymnosperms, ferns, conifers, and mosses to liverworts, hornworts, green algae, etc.​

Answer 20

Shoot system

Question 20

eat other organisms to get proteins and energy (dependent sa environment)

Answer 20

heterotrophs

Question 21

Two portions of the shoot system

Answer 21

vegetative and reproductive

Question 21

flowers and fruits

Answer 21

reproductive

Question 21

leaves and stems

Answer 21

vegetative

Question 21

below the ground

Answer 21

root system

Question 21

this has specialized tissue

Answer 21

vascular

Question 22

this doesn't have specialized tissue

Answer 22

nonvascular

Question 22

lacks vascular tissue such as xylem and phloem. It has no true roots, stems, and leaves. They can be found in moist habitats, they are dominant independent, photosynthetic gametophytes.​

Answer 22

nonvascular

Question 22

specialized tissue:

Answer 22

xylem and phloem

Question 22

with backbone

Answer 22

vertebrates

Question 23

transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

Answer 23

xylem

Question 23

carries food prepared by the leaves to different parts of the plant.

Answer 23

phloem

Question 23

two types of vascular plants

Answer 23

spore vascular and seed vascular

Question 24

without backbone

Answer 24

invertebrates

Question 24

belong to the kingdom of Animalia

Answer 24

animal organ system

Question 25

multicellular and eukaryotes category

Answer 25

animal organ system

Question 25

multicellular and photosynthetic eukaryotes category

Answer 25

plant organ system

Question 25

process of making new organisms

Answer 25

reproduction

Question 26

types of reproduction:

Answer 26

animal and plant rep

Question 27

Parent organisms reproduce to make offspring.​

Answer 27

reproduction

Question 27

pass their genetic information to their offspring. ​

Answer 27

reproduction

Question 27

2 groups of seed-producing vascular plants

Answer 27

angiosperm and gymnosperm

Question 27

pollinated by animals, wind, water

Answer 27

angiosperm

Question 28

flowering plants, reproductive systems in flower, flat leaves, seasonal, triploid tissue, hardwood

Answer 28

angiosperm

Question 28

non flowering, reproductive system is in the cones, naked seeds, needle like leaves, evergreen, haploid tissue, pollinated by wind, soft wood

Answer 28

gymnosperms

Question 28

"seed plant with flowers"

Answer 28

angiosperms

Question 29

many of these reproduce sexually and asexually

Answer 29

angiosperms

Question 29

Since the beginning of agriculture, plant breeders have genetically manipulated traits of wild angiosperm species by

Answer 29

artificial selection

Question 30

"seed plant with cones"

Answer 30

gymnosperms

Question 31

groups are those in which not all members are descendants of a single common ancestor. ​

Answer 31

paraphyletic

Question 32

seeds are held in cones "naked seeds"

Answer 32

gymnosperms

Question 33

Gymnosperms consist of four main phyla:

Answer 33

Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta, Gingkophyta and Gnetophyta.​

Question 34

are the dominant plant of the gymnosperms, having needle-like leaves and living in areas where the weather is cold and dry.​

Answer 34

conifers or coniferophytes

Question 34

typically tall trees that usually bear scale-like or needle-like leaves. ​ pines, spruces, firs, cedars, sequoias, and yews. ​ "soft woods"

Answer 34

conifers or coniferophytes

Question 35

thrive in mild climates

Answer 35

Cycadophyta or Cycads

Question 36

often mistaken for palms because of the shape of their large, compound leaves. ​

Answer 36

Cycadophyta or Cycads

Question 37

oftern used as ornamental plants

Answer 37

Cycadophyta or Cycads

Question 38

The single surviving species of the Gingkophytes group is the Gingko biloba. ​

Answer 38

gingkophyta

Question 39

fan-shaped leaves, unique among seed plants because they feature a dichotomous venation pattern, turn yellow in autumn and fall from the tree. ​

Answer 39

gingkophyta

Question 40

resistant to pollution

Answer 40

gingkophyta

Question 41

closest relative to modern angiosperms​

Answer 41

gnetophyta

Question 42

They have broad leaves, and they are vines or small shrubs. ​

Answer 42

gnetophyta

Question 43

Modes Of Reproduction In Plants​. Plant reproduction is carried out via two modes:​

Answer 43

Asexual and sexual

Question 44

plant rep. asexual:

Answer 44

budding, fragmentation, spore formation, micropropagation

Question 45

small bulb-like projections arise, eventually detaching itself from the parent cell. This then matures to grow into a new individual. These, in turn, produce more buds and the chain continues.​

Answer 45

budding

Question 45

New plants are obtained without producing seeds​

Answer 45

asexual mode

Question 46

it allows to grow in a nutrient medium under controlled conditions in the laboratory. The cells divide rapidly and form an unorganized mass of cells known as a callus. The callus is transferred to another nutrient medium to facilitate the differentiation of different parts of the plant. The plantlets are then transferred to the fields.​

Answer 46

micropropagation

Question 47

present in the air and are covered by a hard protective coat to bear low humidity and high-temperature conditions. ____ Germinate and develop into new organisms under favorable conditions.​

Answer 47

Spore formation

Question 48

the ability to break into two or more fragments, with the new fragment becoming a new, independent individual and multiplying in a short period.​

Answer 48

fragmentation

Question 49

New plants are obtained from seeds. ​

Answer 49

sexual mode

Question 50

reproductive parts

Answer 50

flowers

Question 51

male reproductive part

Answer 51

stamen

Question 52

The pistil consists of ___, ___, and ___

Answer 52

style, stigma, and the Ovary.

Question 52

female reproductive part

Answer 52

pistil

Question 52

ovary consists of ___

Answer 52

one or more ovules

Question 53

where the female gamete or the egg is formed.

Answer 53

ovules

Question 54

It is a highly specialized shoot for sexual reproduction. ​

Answer 54

flower

Question 55

It facilitates the important events of sporogenesis (meiosis), gametogenesis (mitosis), and fusion (fertilization). ​

Answer 55

flower

Question 55

not affected by environmental factors and is thus used as a tool for angiosperm classification. ​

Answer 55

flower

Question 55

Pollen production and the stamen of a single flower is called

Answer 55

androecium

Question 56

parts of stemen (3)

Answer 56

anther, pollen sacs, filament

Question 57

containing pollen sacs

Answer 57

anther

Question 57

cavities of anther where pollen grains are formed

Answer 57

pollen sacs

Question 58

stalk of anther

Answer 58

filament

Question 59

Composed of one or more carpels and the pistils of a single flower is called

Answer 59

gynoecium

Question 60

containing ovule

Answer 60

ovary

Question 61

containing egg cell

Answer 61

ovule

Question 62

long slender structure connecting ovary to stigma

Answer 62

style

Question 63

terminal sticky portion

Answer 63

stigma

Question 64

composed of corolla (petals) and calyx (sepals)

Answer 64

perianth

Question 65

interior part of the perianth and it is attached inside the calyx.

Answer 65

petal

Question 66

the exterior part of the perianth.

Answer 66

sepal

Question 67

one parent is involved and it has no special reproductive organs. Asexual reproduction is creation of offspring without the fusion of egg and sperm.​

Answer 67

asexual repro,

Question 68

allows some of the genetic information from each parent to mix, producing offspring that resemble their parents, but are not identical to them.

Answer 68

sexual repro.

Question 69

is the release of mature eggs at the midpoint of a female cycle.​

Answer 69

ovulation

Question 70

each individual has BOTH male and female reproductive systems.

Answer 70

hermaphroditism

Question 71

eggs shed by the female are fertilized by sperm in the external environment. ​

Answer 71

external fertilization

Question 72

sperm are deposited in or near the female reproductive tract, and fertilization occurs within the tract.​

Answer 72

internal fetilization

Question 73

sex organs that produce gametes

Answer 73

gonands

Question 74

in which sperm is stored during copulation.​

Answer 74

spermatheca

Question 75

female gonands

Answer 75

ovaries

Question 75

egg chambers

Answer 75

follicles

Question 75

The female gonads, the ovaries, lie in the

Answer 75

abdominal cavity

Question 76

expels an egg cell from the follicle.​

Answer 76

ovulation

Question 76

Once a month, an oocyte develops into an ovum (egg) by the process of

Answer 76

oogenesis

Question 76

The remaining follicular tissue ​ grows within the ovary, forming ​ a mass called the

Answer 76

corpus luteum

Question 77

secretes hormones that help to maintain pregnancy.​

Answer 77

corpus luteum

Question 78

*female gonand = ovary = follicles = egg chamber = storage of partially developed cells = oocytes* *corpus luteum = remaining follicular tissue ​= maintains pregnancy = if egg not fertalized = corpus luteum degeneratres*

Answer 78

!!!notes lang!!!

Question 79

is a thin-walled chamber that is the repository for sperm during copulation and serves as the birth canal.​

Answer 79

vagina

Question 80

are not part of the reproductive system but are important to mammalian reproduction.​

Answer 80

mammary glands

Question 81

withing the glands = epithelial tissue which secretes?

Answer 81

milk

Question 82

male gonands

Answer 82

testes

Question 82

The male’s external reproductive organs:

Answer 82

scrotum and penis

Question 82

composed of sperm plus secretions from three sets of accessory glands.​

Answer 82

semen

Question 82

produce hormones and are scattered between the tubules.​

Answer 82

leydig cells

Question 83

Sperm forms in?

Answer 83

Seminiferous tubules

Question 84

secretes its products directly into the urethra through several small ducts.​

Answer 84

prostate gland

Question 84

secrete a clear mucus before ejaculation that neutralizes acidic urine remaining in the urethra.​

Answer 84

bulbourethral glands

Question 84

the production of gametes by meiosis.

Answer 84

gametogenesis

Question 85

is development of mature oocytes (eggs) and can take many years .​

Answer 85

oogenesis

Question 85

is production of mature sperm.​

Answer 85

spermatogenesis

Question 85

If an embryo does not implant in the endometrium, the endometrium is shed in a process called

Answer 85

menstruation

Question 85

are characteristic of humans and some other primates:​

Answer 85

menstrual

Question 85

The sequential release of GnRH then FSH and LH stimulates follicle growth.​

Answer 85

ovarian cycle

Question 86

are characteristic of most mammals

Answer 86

estrous