BIODIVERSITY Flashcards
Variety of species in earths biosphere
Biodiversity
3 major components of biodiversity
genetic, species, ecosystem
the variety of genes that a species
has, including the genetic composition of an individual under a particular species
genetic diversity
the variation of different types of
organisms
species div.
variation of ecosystems including the terrestrial and aquatic ecologies
Ecosystem div.
a group of interbreeding organisms of the same kind that gives birth to healthy offspring (fertile)
species
the differences among individual members
of a population/species.
variation
Frogs that belong to one group but are physically unique from each other
adaptation
4 types of frogs
amazon horned frogs, golden poison dart frogs, blue poison dart frogs, pacific tree frogs
brown, no suction cups, eyes are higher on the skull to see, lives on the ground
Amazon horned frogs
yellow, bright color, poisonous, suction cups, eyes r on the sides, does not need to camouflage
golden poison dart frogs
blue, bright, poisonous, suction cups, eyes on the sides, doesn’t need to camouflage
blue poison dart frogs
gree, blends with leaves, large suction cups, eyes on the side
pacific tree frogs
4 evidences of evolution
anatomical, fossils, biogeography, biochemical
the development of a similar trait in two different species because of a common ancestor.
homologous structure
structures similar in function that developed from distantly related species (ancestors)
ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES
the remains and traces of past life or any
other direct evidence of past life
fodssils
usually, when an organism dies, the soft
parts are either consumed by scavengers
or decomposed by the bacteria.
fossils
such distributions are consistent with the
hypothesis that, when forms are related,
they evolved in one locale and then spread
to accessible regions
biogeography
all living organisms use the same basic
biochemical molecules, including DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid), RNA (ribonucleic
acid), and ATP (adenosine triphosphate). The
conclusion is that these molecules were
present in the first living cell or cells and have been passed on as life began.
biochemical
father of taxonomy, fixity of species, binomial nomenclature
carlus linnaeus 1758
First to use the term
Evolution. Observed that fossils do not
resemble modern organisms. Periodic catastrophes affected the entire planet
and after each catastrophe,
life began anew
charles bonnet 1769
Claimed that changes in
the structures of
organisms were brought
by changes happening in
the environment and
which occurred during
life history on earth.
Georges–Louis Leclerc
Comte de Buffon 1778
Fixity of species and
catastrophism.
Fixity = Unable to adapt =
extinction
Catastrophism = Natural
catastrophe wipes out former
living animals
Couldn’t explain where new
organisms come from
Georges Cuvier 1800
