Plant and animal tissues types and function Flashcards
What is tissue made up of?
Tissue is a collection of similar cells that perform a particular but limited function, such as the heart muscle tissue.
What types of tissues do animals have?
Animals have four major types of tissue: Epithelial tissue, Connective tissue, Muscle tissue, and Nerve tissue.
Each type of tissue contains many types of ___________________ and are often part of most organ systems.
Each type of tissue contains many types of specialized cells and are often part of most organ systems.
What is Epithelial tissue?
A type of tissue that is made up of many different types of cells, like goblet cells that secrete mucus.
Where can epithelial tissue be found in the human body?
Mouth
Esofogus
Stomach
Intentines
Pancreas
Nerves and vessels of the heart (coated in smooth epithelial tissue)
Inner lining of the heart
inner lining of the trachea and bronchi
What is Smooth muscle tissue?
A smooth muscle is a type of muscle tissue that can contract and relax without conscious thought. It is controlled by nerve tissue.
What type of tissue creates the main compressing/expanding force for the heart?
Cardiac muscle tissue creates the main compressing and expanding force for the heart
What type of tissue makes up the human body’s cartilage?
A special type of connective tissue that is made up of specialized cells embedded in a matrix of strong and flexible fibers.
What parts of the body are partially or fully made of connective tissue?
The Blood
The Heart
Cartilage
Skeleton
Ligaments
Nerves (bundled together using connective tissue)
What parts of the body are partially or fully made of muscle tissue?
The heart (cardiac muscle tissue)
The esophagus (smooth muscle tissue)
The Stomach (smooth muscle tissue)
The Intestines (smooth muscle tissue)
Diaphragm (a large sheet of muscle)
What is muscle tissue?
Muscle tissues are made up of a bundle of muscle fibers that contain specialized proteins. Nerve cell signals cause muscles to contract, making them shorter and thicker.
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
The three types of muscle tissue in this system are skeletal (voluntary) muscle, smooth (involuntary) muscle, and cardiac muscles (in the heart).
What is nerve tissue?
Nerve tissues are made of neurons (cells specialized for communication) bundled together by connective tissue.
Where can nerve tissue be found?
Nerve tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and the nerves that reach almost every part of the body. There are an estimated 100 billion neurons in the human brain alone.
How do nerouns communicate? How do they avoid the message reaching the worng neuron?
They send information through electrical signals (nerve impulses) from one part of the body to another. The axons (long spine part) of some neurons are coated in a fatty material called myelin, to insulate the electrical impulse from reaching the wrong neuron.
What is the main difference between nerve tissue and neurons?
Nerve tissue enables a two-way flow of information, while neurons only allow one direction of communication.
What are the four types of plant tissue?
Photosynthetic tissue, Vascular tissue, Ground tissue, and Dermal tissue.
What is photosynthetic tissue?
Specialized cells in the leaf containing many chloroplasts
perform photosynthesis to make the plants’ sugars/energy source.
What is vascular tissue? (plants)
To move the sugars to the rest of the plant (and to bring water to the leaves), the plant has tubes (like blood vessels)
called Xylem and Phloem.
What are Xylem and Phloem also called?
These are the vascular plant tissues.
What is ground tissue?
Sugars and water are stored for winter or droughts through the use of ground tissue.
What type of tissue is used to store sugars and water for droughts/winter?
This is done by the ground tissue.
What part of a plant is made of dermal tissue?
The skin of the plant is called the dermal tissue.
What is the purpose of the dermal tissue?
It protects the plant from the elements and predators.
What is the purpose of plant tissue?
The different tissues exist to perform the life processes of the plant (reproduction, growth, photosynthesis, etc).
Label parts of this diagram of a leaf.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1c0O9hcLHBW5eIEoYXtOEga8zvgsx8lgsKBb0EIMfUcU/edit?usp=sharing
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1svDW44GCCJONW2Fe-2oZCshNycuLBlb_/view?usp=sharing
What protein do red blood cells use to transport oxygen?
Hemoglobin
What is the main function of white blood cells?
Infection-fighting cells that recognize and destroy invading bacteria/viruses.
What is special about white blood cells compared to the other blood cells?
They are the only blood cells with a nucleus.
What is plasma?
A protein-rich liquid that carries the blood cells through the blood vessels.
What is the main job of platelet cells?
Tiny cells that help with blood clotting
