Plant And Animal Cells Book Notes Flashcards
Ribosome
The site of protein synthesis in a cell.
Cytoplasm
The water-based gel in the organelles of all living cells are suspended and it’s where chemical reactions happen.
Nucleus (of a cell)
An organelle found in many living cells containing the genetic information.
Mitochondria
The site of aerobic cellular respiration in a cell.
Cell membrane
The membrane around the contents of a cell which controls what moves in and out of the cell.
Cell wall (plant only)
A rigid structure which surrounds the cells of living organisms apart from animals.
Chlorophyll (plant only)
The green pigment contained in the chloroplast.
Chloroplast (plant only)
The organelles in which photosynthesis takes place.
Permanent vacuole (plant only)
A space in which the cytoplasm filled with cell sap which is there all the time.
Draw and label a plant cell
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Name plant cell parts
Chloroplast, mitochondria, vacuole, nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosome, cell wall.
Draw and label an animal cell
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Name animal cell parts
Mitochondria, nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosome.
Cells under microscopes, onion cell experiment
Fill in later.
Match cell up with images
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Ovum (egg cell), red blood cell, white blood cell, fat cell, neurone, muscle cell, sperm cell, cone cell, gland cell, root hair cell, guard cells, palisade cell, xylem cell, phloem cell
Ovum (egg cell)
. Female sex cell
. Large in diameter
. Contains stored food
. Large nucleus
Red blood cell
. Carry oxygen around the body . Large surface area . Small diameter . No nucleus . Contains haemoglobin
White blood cell
. Protect against disease
. Engulfs and destroys pathogen
. Produces antibodies
. Produces antitoxins to neutralise the toxins released by pathogens
Fat cell
. Store fat for when food is in short supply
. Have little normal cytoplasm
. Have a few mitochondria
. Can expand up to 1000x
Neurone
. Carry information from one part of the body to another
. Long and thin
. Form connections with other neurones
. Carry electrical impulses in one direction
Muscle cell
. Allow movement of and in the body e.g. walking, food moving through the intestines
. Elongated
. Contain many mitochondria
. Can contract
Sperm cell
. Male sex cell . Large nucleus . Contains digestive enzymes . Many mitochondria . Long tail
Cone cell
. Form a light sensitive layer in the eye which allows you to see in colour
. Contains a special chemical which changes in coloured light
. Many mitochondria
. Specialised synapse to connect to the optic nerve
Gland cell
. Produce specific chemicals which are needed by the body e.g. saliva in the mouth, oestrogen by the ovaries
. Large cells
. Lie next to blood capillaries
. Able to manufacture and secrete chemicals
Root hair cell
. Allow water to move around the plant to where it is needed
. Support the plant
. Thin membrane
. Large surface area for absorption
Guard cells
. To open and close the stomata depending on the conditions
. Half-circle shape
. Found in pairs
Palisade cell
. Absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
. Packed with chloroplasts
. Regularly shaped, closely packed cells form a continuous layer for efficient absorption of sunlight
Xylem cell
. Absorb water and nutrients from the soil
. Contain little cytoplasm an cell organelles
. Form tubes
Phloem cell
. Carry food from the leaves to the rest of the plant
. Hollow
. Form hollow tubes (no cytoplasm *ones walls)
. Walls contain lignin
