Plant And Animal Breeding Flashcards
Cultivar
Variety of plant obtained from natural species by selection and/or genetic manipulation and maintained by cultivation.
Deleterious
Referring to alleles of genes whose expression results in the formation of harmful characteristics.
Genetic Transformation
Alteration of an organism’s genome by insertion of a DNA sequence from a different organism.
Genome Sequencing
Establishing the order of the nucleotide bases all the way along an organism’s DNA
Hybrid Vigour
Improved condition when by offspring of cross between two different inbred parental strains.
Hybridisation
Process by which one variety of organism is crossed with a different variety to try to produce offspring better than either the parent.
Inbreeding
Process by which close relatives are bred with one another and prevented from breeding at random.
Inbreeding Depression
Deterioration in the quality of a strain of natural outbreeders that have been forcibly inbred.
Outbreeding
Process involving the mating of unrelated members of the same species.
Randomisation
Disordered arrangement of replicate treatments to eliminate bias.
Replicate
One of several copies of a treatment set up to reduce the effect of experimental error.
Selective Breeding
Process by which only the organisms with the best features are chosen as the parents of the next generation.
Test Cross
Procedure carried out between an organism whose genotype for a trait is unknown and an organism who is homozygous recessive for the trait.
Treatment
Way in which a plot is dealt with compared with other plots.
Variety of plant obtained from natural species by selection and/or genetic manipulation and maintained by cultivation.
Cultivar
