Planes of Movement

Question 1

Frontal

(Coronal)

Answer 1

The frontal plane passes through the body from left to right, dividing the body into anterior & posterior parts.

Frontal plane movements are lateral, side to side movements

Abduction &Adduction

Lateral flexion of the spine

Inversion & eversion of the foot

Wrist radial & ulnar deviation

Scapular elevation & depression

Question 2

Sagittal

Answer 2

The Sagittal plane passes through the body from front to back, dividing the body into left & right parts.

Sagittal planes movements are forward & backward movements :

Flexion & Extension (shoulder, spine or elbow flexion/extension)

Dorsiflexion & Plantarflexion (ex ankles)

Question 3

Horizontal/ Transverse

Answer 3

The transverse or horizontal plane passes through the body in a line parallel to the floor. Dividing the body into top & bottom parts.

Transverse plane movements are twistings & rotational movements

Horizontal Abduction &Adduction

Horizontal flexion & Extension

Spinal rotation

Medial/Internal rotation

Lateral/External rotation

Pronation & Supination