Planes and axis Flashcards
Anatomy
The study of the structure of the body
2 areas of anatomy
Gross- the large body structures visible to naked eye
Microscopic- very small detailed structures like tissues
Anatomical position
Upright standing position
Face and feet pointing forward
Arms at side
Forearms fully supinated (palms forward)
Slide 5?
Describing
General rule?
Anatomical planes
Relate to positions in space and are at right angles to one another
Transverse plane
Divides the body into superior and inferior segments (horizontal)
Sagittal plane
Divides the body into medial and lateral segments (sides)
Frontal plane
Divides the body into anterior and posterior segments (front and back)
Three planes
Transverse
Frontal
Sagittal
Anatomical axes
To describe how the rotation of the muscles and bones take place
Longitudinal axes
North and south relationship
Horizontal axes
East and west relationship
Antero-posterior axis
Front to back relationship
The three axes
Longitudinal
Antero-posterior
Horizontal
Relationship between planes and axes?
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Anterior
Front of the body
Posterior
Back of the body
Superior
Top half of the body
Inferior
Bottom half of body
Medial
Towards the middle of the body
Lateral
Moving away from the middle, the sides
Proximal
Upper part of a limb
Distal
Lower part of a limb
Deep
Further from the surface
Superficial
Closer to the surface
Anteroinferior
In front and below of the body
Anterolateral
In front and away from the middle (sides)
Anteromedial
In front and towards the middle
Anterosuperior
In front and up
Contralateral
Relates to opposite sides
Posteroinferior
Back of the body and up
Posterolateral
Back of the body away from the middle (sides)
Posteromedial
Back of the body and towards the middle
Posterosuperior
Back of the body and down
Prone
Body lying face down
Supine
Body lying face up
Caudal
On the midline, towards the inferior (down)
Cranial
On the midline towards the superior (up)
