PL.1 Flashcards
Carboxylic acids, phenols, esters, and condensation reactions.
What functional group does carboxylic acids contain?
The carboxyl group, -COOH.
What suffix is given to naming carboxylic acids?
-oic acid
What suffix is given to molecules with two carboxyl groups present?
-dioic acid
What is benzene carboxylic acid also known as?
Benzoic acid.
What are phenols?
Benzene rings with a hydroxyl group attached to it.
Are phenols acidic?
Yes.
Do phenols and alcohols react with carbonates like carboxylic acids do?
No.
What suffix do ketones have?
-one
What suffix do aldehydes have?
-al
How are esters made?
When an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid.
What conditions are often required for making esters from carboxylic acids and alcohols?
Acidic conditions with a concentrated acid such as conc sulfuric acid, and heat under reflux.
What type of reaction is it to make esters from carboxylic acids and alcohols?
Condensation reaction.
What is a condensation reaction?
When molecules react together to form a large molecules and a small molecule, such as water.
What is the reverse reaction of esterification known as?
Ester hydrolysis.
Which reactant give rise to the first half of the esters name?
The alcohol, its suffix is changed from ol to yl.
Which reactant give rise to the second half of the esters name?
The carboxylic acid, the suffix is changed from oic acid to oate.
What are the two types of polymerization?
Addition polymerization and condensation polymerization.
For a condensation polymer to be produced, how many suitable functional groups must each molecule have?
At least two.
The OH group on phenols are often not reactive enough to forming esters as alcohols, therefore stronger acids are required to esterify it, for example what?
Acid anhydrides.
