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Endocrine Disease > Pituitary Tumours and Hypopituitarism > Flashcards

Pituitary Tumours and Hypopituitarism Flashcards

1
Q

What hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary?

A

ADH

oxytocin

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2
Q

What hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary?

A 
TSH
Prolactin
ACTH
GH
FSH/LH
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3
Q

What neurological structure is most likely to get affected by a pituitary tumor?

A

Optic chiasm

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4
Q

Which two hormone effects can come from the pituitary and which is more common?

A

Hyper and hypopituitaryism

hypo is more common

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5
Q

Which cranial nerves can be affected by a pituitary tumor?

A

III, IV and VI of eye movement

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6
Q

Which type of tumor is most common in the pituitary?

A

a benign adenoma

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7
Q

What are the three hormones most commonly produced in functional pituitary tumors?

A

Prolactin
GH
ACTH

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8
Q

What do men and post menopausal women present with in a prolactinoma?

A

nonspecific symptoms like headache (maybe temporal hemianopia)

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9
Q

How do menstruating women present with a prolactinoma?

A

Galactorrhea

menstrual disturbance

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10
Q

How is prolactinoma investigated?

A

bloods for prolactin

head MRI

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11
Q

How is a prolactinoma treated?

A

Dopamine agonist (bromocripitine)

Transphenoidal surgery

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12
Q

What diseases does a GH-secreting adenoma causes in adults and children?

A

Acromegaly

Giantism

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13
Q

Wat are the physical features of Acromegaly?

A

Thick skin + lips
Mandibular protrusion
Large hands and feet
inc. sweating

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14
Q

What diseases do patients with acromegaly get?

A

atherosclerosis
diabetes
carpal tunnel syndrome

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15
Q

How is acromegal investigated?

A

Serum IGF-1
Glucose tolerance test, test GH and should be suppressed. stays the same in acromegaly

Head MRI

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16
Q

How would you treat a patient with acromegaly?

A

Surgery

radiotherapy

17
Q

Name some causes of hypopituitaryism

A 
adenoma
metastases
iatrogenic (surgery radiation)
head injury
child birth
18
Q

What is the name of the disease resulting from underproduction ADH?

A

Cranial diabetes insipidus

19
Q

What are the features of diabetes insipidus? (4)

A

polyuria
polydypsia
hyponatraemia
no glucose in urine

20
Q

How is diabetes insipidus diagnosed

A

fluid deprivation test

21
Q

How do you treat diabetes insipidus?

A

Desmopressin

22
Q

What two diseases can be treated using desmopressin?

A

Diabetes insipidus

Vonwillebrand disease

Endocrine Disease (13 decks)

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