Pituitary Glands

Question 1

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Produced by, secreted by, target, the stimulus for release, function?

Answer 1

Tropic hormone
Prod. By: Pituitary gland

Secreted by: Adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary)

Target: Thyroid gland

Stimulus for Release: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) *prod. by the hypothalamus

Function: Stimulates secretion of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).

Question 2

Follicle-Stimulating hormone (FSH)
Produced by, secreted by, target, the stimulus for release, function?

Answer 2

Tropic hormone
Prod. By: Pituitary Gland

Secreted By: Adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary gland)

Target: Gonads (ovaries & testes)

Stimulus for release: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) *Prod. by hypothalamus

Function in Females: Stimulates ovarian follicle maturation and estrogen production.

Function in Males: Stimulates sperm production.

Question 3

Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Produced by, secreted by, target, the stimulus for release, function?

Answer 3

Tropic hormone
Prod. By: Pituitary Gland

Secreted By: Adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary gland)

Target: Gonads (ovaries & testes)

Stimulus for release: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). *Prod. by the hypothalamus

Function in Females: Triggers ovulation and stimulates ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone.

Function in Males: Stimulates testosterone production.

Question 4

Growth Hormone (GH)
Produced by, secreted by, target, the stimulus for release, function?

Answer 4

Not Tropic
Prod. By: Pituitary Gland

Secreted By: Adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary gland)

Target: Liver, muscle, bone & cartilage, mostly mammary glands in breasts.

Stimulus for release: Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) *prod. by the hypothalamus

Function: Promotes body growth and protein synthesis, mobilizes fat, and conserves glucose.

Question 5

Prolactin (PRL)
Produced by, secreted by, target, the stimulus for release, function?

Answer 5

Not Tropic
Prod. By: Pituitary Gland

Secreted By: Adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary gland)

Target: Mammary gland

Stimulus for release: Decrease in the amount of prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH). *Prod. by the hypothalamus.

Function: promotes milk production (lactation).

Question 6

Oxytocin
Produced by, stored in, target, the stimulus for release, function?

Answer 6

Direct hormone
Prod. By: the hypothalamus

Stored In: Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary gland)

Target: Uterus and mammary glands

Stimulus for release: nerve impulses from hypothalamic neurons in response to cervical/uterine stretch or the suckling of an infant.

Function: Stimulates powerful uterine contractions during birth and stimulates milk ejection in lactating mothers.

Question 7

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Produced by, stored in, target, the stimulus for release, function?

Answer 7

Prod. By: the hypothalamus

Stored In: Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary gland)

Target: Kidneys

Stimulus for release: nerve impulses from hypothalamic neurons in response to increased blood solute concentration, or decreased blood volume.

Function: stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb more water, reducing urine output and conserving body water.

Question 8

What is the hypophyseal portal?

Answer 8

It connects the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary gland, regulating hormones to adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary).

Question 9

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Produced by, secreted by, target, the stimulus for release, function?

Answer 9

Tropic hormone
Prod. By: Pituitary gland

Secreted by: Adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary)

Target: Adrenal Cortex

Stimulus for Release: Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) *prod. by the hypothalamus

Function: Stimulates the release of glucocorticoids and androgens (mineralocorticoids to a lesser extent).