Endocrine Glands & Their Hormones Flashcards
What gland produces the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and what specific endocrine gland secretes it? What is the function of ADH? Is it tropic or not tropic?
Produced by: hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract (hypothalamus)
What endocrine gland secretes it?: Posterior pituitary gland
Function: Stimulates the kidneys to absorb more water. Reduces urine output and retains water in the body.
It is a direct hormone
What gland produces the oxytocin hormone and what specific endocrine gland secretes it? What is the function of oxytocin? Is it tropic or not tropic?
Produced by: hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract (hypothalamus)
What endocrine gland secretes it?: Posterior pituitary gland
Function: Stimulates pregnancy contractions and stimulates lactation in mothers.
It is a tropic hormone
What gland produces the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)? What is the function of TSH?Is it tropic or not tropic?
Produced by: The anterior lobe of the pituitary (adenohypophysis)
Function: Stimulates production and secretion of thyroid hormones (T3 & T4)
It is a tropic hormone
What gland produces the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)? What is the function of FSH? Is it tropic or not tropic?
Produced by: The anterior lobe of the pituitary (adenohypophysis)
Function:
F- stimulates ovarian follicle maturation which is responsible for releasing an egg for potential fertilization (menstrual cycle) and estrogen production.
M- stimulates sperm production
It is a tropic hormone
What gland produces the Luteinizing hormone (LH)? What is the function of LH? Is it tropic or not tropic?
Produced by: The anterior lobe of the pituitary (adenohypophysis)
Function:
F- Triggers the release of an egg (ovulation) and stimulates ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone.
M- Stimulates testosterone production.
It is a tropic hormone
What gland produces the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)? What is the function of ACTH? Is it tropic or not tropic?
Produced by: The anterior lobe of the pituitary (adenohypophysis)
Function: Stimulates the release of glucocorticoids and androgens.
The main function is stimulating your adrenal glands to release cortisol which is known as the stress hormone.
It is a tropic hormone
What gland produces the growth hormone (GH)? What is the function of GH? Is it tropic or not tropic?
Produced by: The anterior lobe of the pituitary (adenohypophysis)
Function: Stimulates growth of the body and protein synthesis, mobilizes fat, and conserves glucose.
Helps build up muscle mass and bones.
It is not a tropic hormone
What gland produces prolactin (PRL)? What is the function of PRL? Is it tropic or not tropic?
Produced by: The anterior lobe of the pituitary (adenohypophysis)
Function: Stimulates lactation.
It is not a tropic hormone
What hormones are secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary (neurohypophysis)? And are they tropic or non-tropic?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin are secreted by the posterior pituitary gland, but are produced by the hypothalamus. ADH is a tropic hormone, but oxytocin is a non-tropic hormone.
What gland produces the thyroid hormone (TH)? What is the function of TH? What two hormones are collectively called TH?
Produced by: Follicular cells and colloid follicles; (thyroid)
Function: Increases basal metabolic rate (BMR); regulates the growth and development of tissue.
What gland produces the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4)? What is the function of T4?
Produced by: T4 is mostly produced by the follicular cells, and a small quantity of T3 is produced by the follicular cells as well.
Function: Increases basal metabolic rate (BMR); regulates the growth and development of tissue.
(regulates weight, energy levels, internal temperature, skin, hair, nail growth, metabolism)
What gland produces the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3)? What is the function of T3?
Produced by: Colloid follicles produce both T3 and T4. But T3 is more active.
Function: Increases basal metabolic rate (BMR);
helps maintain muscle control, brain function and development, heart and digestive functions. It also plays a role in the body’s metabolic rate and the maintenance of bone health.
What gland produces calcitonin? What is the function of calcitonin?
Produced by: the parafollicular cells of the thyroid.
Function: No known physiological role in humans.
(Helps regulate calcium levels in the blood.)
What gland produces the parathyroid hormone (PTH)? What is the function of PTH?
Produced by: the parathyroid
Function: Increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclasts and stimulates kidneys to reabsorb more calcium. PTH also stimulates kidneys to convert vitamin D to calcitriol which is required for absorbing calcium in the intestines.
