Pituitary Gland Flashcards
The pituitary gland is under control of the _________
controls function of most other endocrine glands. Contains the ______ and ______ lobes.
hypothalamus; anterior; poster
What is the anterior pituitary responsible for?
- Growth hormone
- thyroid stimulating hormone
- ACTH
- follicle stimulating
- luteinizing hormones
- prolactin
- melanocyte stimulating hormone
What is the posterior pituitary responsible for?
- oxytocin
2. antidiuretic hormone (Vasopressin)
Although this is the “_____” gland, most hyper/hypo conditions are due to the target gland itself.
master
Disorders:
May be due to _____ defects or have an _______ etiology.
organic; idiopathic
Disorders:
Single hormonal problem or a ________ with other hormonal deficiencies.
combination
Disorders:
Clinical manifestations depend upon the _______ involved.
hormone
Disorders:
May result in an ________ or hormone _________
Overproduction; deficiency
Hypopituitarism: Growth Hormone (GH) deficiency
Consequences depend upon the degree of _______.
Dysfunction
Hypopituitarism: Growth Hormone (GH) deficiency
Inhibits overall somatic growth, _______ height (______) in children.
short; dwarfism
Hypopituitarism: Growth Hormone (GH) deficiency
In adults it can cause increased ____, decreased _______ tissue, thinning _____, reduced energy and quality of life.
fat; muscle; bones
GH deficiency: Diagnostic evaluation includes: 1. family history 2. growth patterns and health history 3. physical examination 4. psychosocial evaluations 5. radiographic survey- x-ray 6. endocrine studies
Therapeutic Management:
- treatment directed to correction of underlying disease process
- replacement with GH is successful in 80% of affected children
- dosage is increased as the time of epiphyseal closure nears
- radiologic evidence that closure has occurred signals the end of therapy.
GH deficiency: nursing care management
- Identifying and assisting with the diagnosis.
- family support needs: explain procedures
- emotional adjustment of the child: support groups
- preparation for testing and medication administration
Even though they go through treatment they will be small for their age.
Pituitary hyperfunction:
______ GH before closure of epiphyseal shaft results in overgrowth of long bones.
Excess
Pituitary hyperfunction:
They can reach heights of 8 ft or more it is known as _______. Vertical growth plus increased _______.
Gigantism; muscle
Pituitary hyperfunction:
Weight is generally in proportion to height. Excess GH after epiphyseal closure is called ___________.
acromegaly
Pituitary hyperfunction:
Typical facial features include overgrowth of what?
- head
- lips, tongue, jaw, nose
- nasal, mastoid sinuses
- malocclusion of the teeth.
Pituitary hyperfunction:
What can cause acromegaly?
Tumors or trauma
Pituitary hyperfunction: Diagnostic evaluation 1. history of excessive growth during childhood 2. evidence of increased levels of GH 3. Radiographic studies 4. endocrine studies
Therapeutic management:
- surgical treatment to remove tumor
- radiation and radioactive implants
- hormone replacement therapy after surgery in some cases- thyroid extract, cortisones, sex hormones
Pituitary Surgery:
As the nurse, after surgery what should you check?
Check drainage for glucose this can be indicative of spinal fluid which is not normal.
Pituitary hyperfunction: Nursing management
Early identification of children with _______ growth rates. ____ treatment for improved outcomes. Emotional support. body image concerns.
excessive; early
Precocious Puberty:
Defined as sexual development > age __ in boys >age __ in girls.
9;8
Precocious Puberty:
Occurs more frequently in _____. Potential causes disorder of _____, _____ glands, or hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal axis. 95% of cases have no know causative factor.
girls; gonads; adrenal
