Pituitary gland Flashcards
Extension of hypothalamus
What does pituitary gland form from?
Rathke’s pouch
Function of anterior pituitary?
Create and release 6 hormones
How is pituitary connected to hypothalamus?
Pituitary stalk
What are 6 hormones secreted from anterior pituitary?
FLAT PEG
Flat- tropic (act other endocrine glands)
Peg- effect directly
FSH- act on gonadotrophs and target gonads
- rise oestrogen
- develop ovarian follicles
- spermatogenesis
LH- act gonadotrophins
- promote ovulation
- promote testosterone
ACTH- act on adrenal cortex
- secrete cortisol (glucocorticoid release)
TSH- act thyroid
- stimulates thyroid to secrete T3 + T4
- increased metabolism
Prolactin- produce in lactotrophs (AP)
- stimulates lactation
- breast development
Endorphins- inhibit perception pain
GH- produced in somatotrophs (AP)
- stimulates growth and protein synthesis
What hormone stimulates lactation?
Prolactin
What hormone stimulates thyroid?
TSH
What hormone rises oestrogen and causes spermatogenesis?
FSH
What hormone stimulates growth?
GH
What hormone promotes ovulation?
LH
What hormone secretes cortisol?
ATCH
What hormone responsible for inhibition pain?
Endorphins
Where does ACTH act?
Function?
ACTH- act on adrenal cortex
- secrete cortisol (glucocorticoid release)
Where does FSH act?
Function?
FSH- act on gonadotrophs and target gonads
- rise oestrogen
- develop ovarian follicles
- spermatogenesis
Where does LH act?
Functions?
LH- act gonadotrophins
- promote ovulation
- promote testosterone
Where does TSH act?
Function?
TSH- act thyroid
- stimulates thyroid to secrete T3 + T4
- increased metabolism
What feedback occurs in anterior pituitary?
Short or long
Negative feedback
All long except Prolactin and GH (short- act direct)
What type receptors do pituitary and hypothalamic hormones act on?
G-Protein couple receptors
What hormone stimulates release of ACTH?
Function ACTH?
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) – stimulates release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
ACTH-ncreased cortisol produced in adrenal cortex from zona fasciculata
What hormone stimulates release GH?
Function of GH?
Inhibit?
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) – stimulates release of growth hormone (GH)
Somatostatin (SST) inhibits release of GHRH
GH- growth and protein synthesis
What stimulates TSH?
Function?
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) – stimulates release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
TSH function- T3 + T4 increase
- increase metabolism
What stimulates LH and FSH?
Function?
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) – stimulates release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Function LH and FSH- gonads to increase oestrogen, progesterone, testosterone
What inhibits release prolactin?
Dopamine
What hormones released in posterior pituitary?
Vasopressin (ADH- anti- diuretic hormone)
Oxytocin
