Pituitary And Adrenal Gland Problems

Question 0

What does ACTH stand for

Answer 0

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 1

What are four hormones/steroids made by the adrenal gland?

Answer 1

Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Aldosterone
Cortisol

Question 2

What is sheehans syndrome?

Answer 2

Sheehans syndrome is hypopituitarism caused by excessive bleeding during child birth

Question 3

What is the most common cause of hyperpituitarism?

Answer 3

Pituitary adenomas

Question 4

Which gland secrets ADH?

Answer 4

Posterior pituitary gland

Question 5

Three hormones secreted by anterior pituitary gland

Answer 5

ACTH
GH
PRL

Question 6

What is the most common type of pituitary adenoma?

Answer 6

PRL secreting tumors

Question 7

Deficiency of one or more anterior pituitary hormones results in what two things

Answer 7

Metabolic problems

Sexual dysfunction

Question 8

What does panhypopituitarism mean?

Answer 8

Decreased production of all anterior pituitary hormones

Question 9

What are the two life threatening hormone deficiencies?

Answer 9

ACTH

TSH

Question 10

What three things does a deficiency in gonadotropins cause?

Answer 10

Infertility
Galactorrhea
Amenorrhea

Question 11

Growth hormone stimulates the liver to produce what substance that aids in growth activity?

Answer 11

Somatomedins

Question 12

Benign and malignant tumors, anorexia, shock, severe hypotension, head trauma, brain tumors or infection, and sheehans syndrome all cause what

Answer 12

Hypopituitarism

Question 13

GH blocks action of what hormone

Answer 13

Insulin

Question 14

Parlodel, Dostinex, Permax, Sandosatin, Somavert are drugs that can be given to

Answer 14

Stimulate dopamine receptors and inhibit GH and PRL

Question 15

What are two ways (other than surgery and pills) that can treat gigantism?

Answer 15

Radiation

Gamma knife procedure

Question 16

Diabetes insipidus is classified in what four categories?

Answer 16

Nephrogenic
Primary
Secondary
Drug related

Question 17

A water metabolism problem is caused by a deficiency in what hormone? And for what two reasons

Answer 17

ADH, decrease in synthesis or inability of kidneys to respond appropriately

Question 18

Most manifestations of diabetes insipidus are related to

Answer 18

Dehydration

Question 19

Oral chlorpropamide and desmopressin therapy treat

Answer 19

Diabetes insipidus

Question 20

SIADH can result in what? Who do you see this problem in?

Answer 20

Hyponatremia. People with pituitary problems and in heart failure

Question 21

Recent head trauma, cerebrovascular disease, tb or other pulmonary diseases, cancer, all past and current drug use, and heart failure are causes of

Answer 21

SIADH

Question 22

What are three therapies used for SIADH

Answer 22

Diuretics
Hypertonic solution
Demeclocycline

Question 23

Cortisol is excreted by the adrenal glands in response to

Answer 23

ACTH

Question 24

ACTH and cortisol is essential to living because it regulates what three things?

Answer 24

Blood pressure Blood sugar Fluid volume status

Question 25

Inadequate cortisol may decrease because of inadequate excretion of ACTH and what other two things

Answer 25

Dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary control mechanism | Direct dysfunction of adrenal tissue

Question 26

ADH is regulated by

Answer 26

Serum osmolality

Question 27

Vitiligo is seen in

Answer 27

Primary hypo-adrenal gland

Question 28

Anterior, posterior, and lateral skull x rays may be used to view the

Answer 28

Sella turcica

Question 29

MRIs w contrast are the most sensitive method of imaging this gland, can also use computed tomography

Answer 29

Pituitary

Question 30

The thyroid, parathyroid, ovaries, and testes are evaluated using

Answer 30

Ultrasound

Question 31

Pancreas, ovaries, and adrenal glands can be evaluated by

Answer 31

CT scans

Question 32

These problems can change the patients behaviors, personality, perception of self, and psychological responses

Answer 32

Endocrine problems

Question 33

If there is a disorder of the anterior pituitary gland because of problems in the hypothalamus, it's referred to as

Answer 33

Secondary pituitary dysfunction

Question 34

A lower amount of hormone replacement therapy is used in the

Answer 34

Elderly

Question 35

If this grows inside the brain causing compression on the tissue it can manifest visual changes, headache, and increased intracranial pressure

Answer 35

Adenoma

Question 36

Suppression tests help diagnose

Answer 36

Hyperactivity

Question 37

What is the most common treatment of hyperpituitarism

Answer 37

Hypophysectomy

Question 38

ADH deficiency results in what type of urine

Answer 38

Dilute

Question 39

A 24 hour fluid intake and output and analyzing specific gravity and osmolarity can diagnose an

Answer 39

ADH deficiency

Question 40

Vasopressin is secreted even when plasma osmolarity is low or normal

Answer 40

SIADH

Question 41

Interventions include restricted fluid intake, promoting excretion of water, replacing lost sodium, and interfering w the action of ADH

Answer 41

SIADH

Question 42

Inadequate secretion of ACTH, dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary control mechanism, or dysfunction of the adrenal gland can cause

Answer 42

Decrease in adrenocortical steroids

Question 43

Acute adrenal insufficiency or Addisonian crisis is a life threatening event in which the need for

Answer 43

Cortisol is greater than the available supply

Question 44

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss are manifestations of

Answer 44

Acute adrenal insufficiency

Question 45

Lab findings are low serum cortisol, low fasting blood glucose, low sodium, elevated potassium, increased serum blood urea nitrogen levels

Answer 45

Acute adrenal insufficiency/Addison's disease

Question 46

Nursing interventions for adrenal deficiency include (3)

Answer 46

Promote fluid balance Monitor for fluid deficit Prevent hypoglycemia

Question 47

Hypercortisolism, Cushing's disease, hyperaldosteronism, and excessive androgen production are all names for

Answer 47

Hyper secretion of the adrenal cortex

Question 48

The most common cause of Cushing's disease is

Answer 48

Pituitary adenoma

Question 49

Physical changes include fat pads on the neck, back, and shoulders; enlarged trunk with think arms and legs and a round face

Answer 49

Cushing's disease

Question 50

Lab tests for cortisol can be checked in the

Answer 50

Blood, urine, and saliva

Question 51

A major objective for the patient with hypercortisolism is protection from

Answer 51

Infection

Question 52

Primary hyperaldosteronism is also called

Answer 52

Conns syndrome

Question 53

Conns syndrome (hyperaldosteronism) usually is caused by

Answer 53

Adrenal adenoma

Question 54

Secondary hyperaldosteronism is caused by

Answer 54

High levels of angiotensin II

Question 55

What are the two biggest problems associated w hyperaldosteronism

Answer 55

Hypokalemia and elevated blood pressure

Question 56

Surgery of the adrenal gland cannot be done until what levels are normal?

Answer 56

Potassium

Question 57

Catecholamine producing tumor that arises in the adrenal medulla and produces, stores, and releases epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer 57

Pheochromocytoma

Question 58

Manifestations include intermittent episodes of hypertension, headaches that last for a few minutes to several hours, palpitations, produce diaphoresis, flushing, apprehension, chest pain, vomiting, or a sense of impending doom

Answer 58

Pheochromocytoma

Question 59

What do you not do in a patient with Pheochromocytoma

Answer 59

Palpate the abdomen

Question 60

The most common diagnostic test for a Pheochromocytoma is a

Answer 60

24 hour urine collection