Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Endocrinology > Pituitary > Flashcards

Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

What do hypothalamic neurones secrete?

A

pituitary hormone releasing and inhibiting factors

Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What inhibits the secretion of prolactin?

A

dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the five major anterior pituitary axis’?

A 
gonadotrophin axis
growth axis
thyroid axis
adrenal axis
prolactin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 2 parts of the pituitary gland?

A

anterior

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What hormones does the anterior pituitary secrete?

A

TSH, LH, FSH, GH, prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is the anterior pituitary derived from?

A

Rathke’s pouch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What hormones does the posterior pituitary secrete?

A

ADH

Oxytocin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is pituitary adenoma associated with?

A

MEN1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you know whether a pituitary adenoma is micro or macro?

A

micro - <1cm

macro - >1cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are 3 types of a functional pituitary adenoma?

A

Prolactinoma
Growth hormone secreting
ACTH secreting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Symptoms associated with prolactinoma?

A

Infertility

Amenorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Symptoms associated with a growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma?

A

Gigantism

Acromegaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Symptoms associated with ACTH secreting pituitary adenoma?

A

Cushing’s

bilateral adenocorticol hypoplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Causes of hypopituitarism…

A

Tumour
Congential
autoimmune
Idiopathic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does panhypopituitarism cause in the anterior pituitary?

A

Deficiency of ALL anterior pituitary hormones

GH, TSH, LH/FSH, ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What hormone will you be deficient of if you have Kallmann syndrome?

A

gonadotrophin (GnRH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where is a craniopharyngioma most likely to arise?

A

Within sella

18
Q

Craniopharyngioma has a good prognosis

True or false

A

true

19
Q

What are the symptoms of a craniopharyngioma?

A

Headache

Visual disturbances

20
Q

What is the most common pituitary tumour?

A

non-functioning pituitary adenoma

21
Q

What structures are at risk of being compressed if a pituitary adenoma is too big?

A

Optic chiasmata

CN III, IV, VI

22
Q

Management for non-functioning pituitary adenoma…

A

Transphenoidal surgery

Hormone replacement therapy

23
Q

List some physiological causes of raised prolactin

A 
Pregnancy
Breast feeding
stress
sleep
dopamine antagonists
24
Q

List some pathological causes of raised prolactin

A

prolactinoma
hypothyroidism
stalk lesions

25
Q

List some symptoms of prolactinoma…

A

Female: galactorrhea, menstrual irregularity, amenorrhea, infertility

Male: impotence, visual field abnormality

26
Q

What is the visual field abnormality in prolactinoma?

A

Bitemporal hemianopia

27
Q

What is the treatment for prolactinoma?

A

Dopamine antagonist (cabergoline)

28
Q

What hormone is in excess in acromegaly?

A

GH

29
Q

Symptoms of acromegaly…

A 
Giant
thickened soft tissues (large jaw, hands etc)
sleep apnoea/snoring
hypertension
headaches
Diabetes mellitus 
Polyps - colon cancer??
30
Q

What investigations are carried out in suspected acromegaly?

A

bloods-
IGF-1
Oral glucose tolerance test
GH levels

31
Q

What is the most common cause of mortality in acromegaly?

A

Cardiovascular death

CF, CAD, HT

32
Q

Treatment for acromegaly…

A

1st - trans-sphenoidal surgery

radiotherapy
somatostatin analogues

33
Q

What is the aim of treatment in acromegaly?

A

Raise GH

Shrink tumour

34
Q

What does panhypopotuitarism cause in posterior pituitary?

A

diabetes insipidus

35
Q

List some symptoms of hypopituitarism…

A 
Menstrual irregularities
Infertility
abdominal obesity
loss of facial, axillary and pubic hair
gynaecosmastia
36
Q

Treatment for hypopituitarism…

A 
Hormone replacement therapy:
thyroxine
hydrocortisone
ADH
GH
sex steroids (pill/testeosterone)
37
Q

What is diabetes insipidus?

A

ADH deficiency so water isn’t retained

Causes fluid imbalance

38
Q

What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus?

A

Thirsty

Excess urination

39
Q

What investigation is carried out in suspected diabetes insipdus?

A

Water deprivation test

40
Q

Treatment for diabetes insipidus…

A

Desmospray

Desmopressin

Endocrinology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions