Pituitary

Question 1

Hypersecretion of anterior pituitary hormones is nearly always the result of what?

Answer 1

Pituitary Adenoma

Question 2

What is the most common Secretory Tumors of the Pituitary?

Answer 2

Prolactinomas

Question 3

Hypothalamic Disorders and interruption of the pituitary stalk produce what distinct pattern?
-What is this pattern called?

Answer 3

Suprression of ALL Anterior Pituitary Hormone EXCEPT Prolactin
-“Stalk Effect” (prolactin sparing hypopituitarism)

Question 4

Hyposecretion of Growth Hormone (GH) in children causes what?

Answer 4

Dwarfism

Question 5

Hyposecretion of Growth Hormone (GH) in adults causes what?

Answer 5

NO symptoms

Question 6

Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone (GH) in children causes what?

Answer 6

Gigantism

Question 7

Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone (GH) in adults causes what?

Answer 7

Acromegaly

Question 8

What is consistently elevated in GH hypersecretion?

Answer 8

IGF-1

*normal IGF-1 Excludes GH excess

Question 9

What tests/findings are used to diagnose GH hypersecretion? (2)

Answer 9

Random Blood Sample
-Markedly High GH

Glucose Administration:
-Normal level that fails to suppress w/ Glucose

Question 10

What does persistently elevated Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) suggest?

Answer 10

Ovarian Failure

Question 11

Prolactin release:

• Stimulator
• Inhibitor

Answer 11

Stimulator:
-None

Inhibitor:
-Dopamine (Hypothalamus

Question 12

Hyperprolactinemia:

-Findings in Women

Answer 12

Amenorrhea Galactorrhea syndrome

Question 13

Hyperprolactinemia:

-Findings in Men (3)

Answer 13

• Testicular Atrophy
• Impotence
• Gynecomastia

Question 14

Diabetes Insipidus (DI) results from what?

Answer 14

Inadequate Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) activity

Question 15

Diabetes Insipidus (DI):
-Classic Symptoms/Findings (4)

Answer 15

• Polyuria
• Polydypsia
• Low Urine Osmolarity
• Hypernatremia

Question 16

Central DI is due to what?

-Causes (3)

Answer 16

Inadequate ADH Secretion

• Head Trauma
• Mass Lesions involving Pituitary
• X-linked recessive familial form

Question 17

Nephrogenic DI is due to what?

-Causes (5)

Answer 17

Renal Tubules Unresponsive to ADH

• Hypercalcemia
• Hypokalemia
• Low protein diet
• Democlocycline
• Lithium

Question 18

How do you confirm the diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus (DI)?

Answer 18

Overnight water deprivation test followed by administration with ADH (Vasopressin)

Question 19

Overnight water deprivation test followed by administration with ADH (Vasopressin).
-Healthy individuals

Answer 19

Water Deprivation:
-Urine osmolarity progressively increases

ADH administration:
-No additional effect on urine concentration

Question 20

Overnight water deprivation test followed by administration with ADH (Vasopressin).
-Central DI

Answer 20

Water Deprivation:
-Failure to concentrate urine

ADH administration:
-Increase in urine osmolarity

Question 21

Overnight water deprivation test followed by administration with ADH (Vasopressin).
-Nephrogenic DI

Answer 21

Water Deprivation:
-Failure to concentrate urine

ADH administration:
-Failure to concentrate urine

Question 22

What are the findings in Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH (SIADH)? (4)

Answer 22

• Hyponatremia
• Normovolemia
• Urine Sodium >20 mmol/L
• Urine Osmolarity >100 mOsm/kg

Question 23

SIADH is most commonly caused by what? (3)

Answer 23

• Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung
• Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
• Intracranial Tumors