pituatraty Flashcards
anterior pituitary gland secretes
GH prolactin FSH LH TSH ACTH
DEF OF hypopitaurysm
Hypopituitarism is the partial or complete deficiency in hormones produced by the pituitary (GH, FSH & LH, TSH and ACTH from the anterior pituitary and ADH from the posterior pituitary).
causes of panhypopitaurims
ommonly caused by surgery or radiotherapy.
GH deficiency signs
Growth hormone deficiency: central obesity, dry skin, reduced muscle strength, reduced exercise tolerance, depression , low bone density , hyperlipidemia increased risk of artheroscleoris
in adults the symptoms are more subtle whereas children is more obvious
FSH & LH deficiency
In females: oligomenorrhoea or amenorrhoea, infertility, sexual dysfunction, breast atrophy
In males: infertility, sexual dysfunction, hypogonadism, reduction in muscle mass
primary and secondary
primary -infection, radiation, tumour, compression, ishcemia , iatrogenic
secondary - a problem with the hypothalamus (releasing hormones ) or pituitary stalk injury - so a problem with the hypothalamopituatry axis
types of cells in the pit arty gland
somatotrope- GH - largest group of cells corticostrophs - ACTH lactotrophs- prolactin thyrotrophs - TSH gonadotrops- FSH + LH
effect of prolactin on fertily
males: inhibits spermatogenesis
females- inhibits ovulation
posterior
ADH- made by hypothalamus
OCYTCOIN
whats the order of loss in hypopitairsm
GH, gonadotroopins then. TSH , ACTH prolactin
cortisol deficiency
weight loss
low glucose
low sodium
delayed puberty
pitaury apoplexy
means either hemmrohage or infarction (Sheehan)
why is a Sheehan a thing even without haemorrhage and eclampsia
Proliferative hyperplasia of lactotrophs leading to glandular growth
- Increased sensitivity to hypoxemia due to higher metabolic needs
- Hyperestrogen state – increased risk of vasoconstriction
effect of compression of hypothalamus
somnolence and coma
dx of hypotiturims
differentiated from anorexia,
malnutrition, chronic liver disease
