diabetes drugs

Question 1

which class of drugs are notoriously known for hypoglycemia

Answer 1

sulphonyureus

Question 2

side effects of metformin

Answer 2

anemia - b12
GI
lactic acidosis

Question 3

indications for metformin

Answer 3

pcos, insulin resistance, obesity, type 2, prediabetic

Question 4

CI for metformin

Answer 4

renal impairment specifically if under 30 GFR
children under 10
having acidosis

Question 5

which drugs act similar to metformin and give an example of the drug

Answer 5

thiazolidinones e.g pioglitazone/rosiglitazone

Question 6

which drugs are CI in decompensated HF

Answer 6

thiozolidideones

Question 7

which drugs cause edema and anemia

Answer 7

thiozolidedones

Question 8

which part of kidney do SGLT work on and ADR

Answer 8

PCT

hypovolemia injury and UTI

Question 9

disadvantages of administering insulin

Answer 9

weight gain
fat atrophy
peripheral edema due to sodium retention

Question 10

INCRETIN MIMETIC examples and function

Answer 10

GLP-1 - main one
GIP

responsible for 60-70% of post prandial insulin secretion

slow gastric emptying increasing satiety

Question 11

whats important about incretin mimetic

Answer 11

must be given s.c

Question 12

add of incretic

:)

Answer 12

gi upset
can cause pancreatitis

no weight gain, actually wight losss
no hypoglycaemia

Question 13

DDP4 everything

Answer 13

stigalpitin (jauvia)

prolong the endogenous release of incretice esp GLP-1 but the difference is worth neutral and don’t cause satiety

:( pancreatitis like incretin
:( skin disorder
:( headache

Question 14

pre- mixed insulin

Answer 14

mixture of intermediate and short acting

Question 15

examples of names of insulin rules

Answer 15

act rapid- short acting

ultratard - long acting

lispro-very short acting

Question 16

twice daily regimen for type 2

Answer 16

2/3rds in the morning

1/3rd evening

Question 17

examples of intermediate

Answer 17

Insulatard, Humulin N,

Question 18

insulin therapy during illness

Answer 18

Vital that patient keeps taking insulin during infections even if they have a reduced
food intake as illnesses can increase the insulin requirements
Patients should have blood glucose checked ≥4X a day and ketonuria assessed and
then adjust insulin doses based on those results.

Question 19

insuline regimens

Answer 19

1. Biphasic regimen: Pre-mixed insulin pen (NovoMix 30) taken 2x daily
2. ‘QDS’ (4 times daily): Ultra-fast acting insulin taken before meals and a long acting
   insulin analogue is taken at bedtime
   Used in DM1 pts with flexible lifestyle (dose adjusted with meal size or
   exercise)
3. 3. Once daily before bedtime with long-acting insulin
      Initial regimen for pts switching from oral hypoglycemics to insulin in DM2