PIPH DOSAGE FORMS SOLID DOSAGES Flashcards
Maybe defined as an agent or substance intended for use in the diagnosis mitigation treatment cure or prevention of disease in human beings or animals
Drugs
Drugs are rarely administered in their
Original or crude forms
Drugs are administered in different dosage forms by converting them into
Suitable formulations
Are the carrier through which drug molecules are delivered to sites of action within the body
Dosage forms
Every dosage forms is a combination of the drug and different kinds of non-drug components called as
Excipients or additives
Solid dosage forms are
One of the oldest dosage forms
Solid dosage forms are available in
Unit dose
When drugs are to be administered orally in dry states this is the most convenient dosage forms
Tablets and capsules
Some solid dosage forms are supplied in
Bulk
Means quantity available in large
Bulk
Bulk powders can be supplied as
Internal and external
Bulk powders supplied as internal includes:
Granules and fine powders
Bulk powders are supplied as external including
Dusting powders and insufflations
Are mixture of finely divided drugs or chemicals in dry form which can be used internally or externally
Powders
Are prepared agglomerates of smaller particles of powders
Granules
Are applied externally to skin so they should be applied in very fine state to avoid local irritation
Dusting powders
Dusting powders are prepared by mixing of more than one ingredients in which either _____ are used in their formulation
Starch, Kaolin or talc
Generally these are used because they are inert in nature
Talc or Kaolin
Dusting powders are used for
Antiseptic astringent absorbent and antiperspirant
Dusting powders are of two subtype they are as:
Medical dusting powder and surgical dusting powder
Are used to increase a superficial conditions of skin
Medical dusting powders
These are not applied on wounds burns and etc.
It must be always free from dangerous pathogenic microorganism
Medical dusting powders
These are used in body cavities and also on major wounds like us burns and etc
It should be sterilized before use and are mainly used for antiseptic and absorbment action
Surgical dusting powders
These are medicated dusting powders meant for introduction into the body cavities including the nose throat ear vagina and etc with the help of an apparatus known
Insufflations
The device known to execute insufflations is called
Insufflator
It sprays the powder in a state of fine particles on side of application
Insufflations
These are finely divided solid dosage forms of medicaments which are inhaled into nostrils
Snuffs
It is the process in which primary powder particles are made to adhere to form larger multiparticle or large particles entities
Granulation
Granulation forms larger multiparticle or large particles entities called
Granules
The bitter nauseous unpleasant powders cannot be given
Tablets
I meant for internal use and contain medicaments mixed with three ingredients sometimes with a sweetening agent
Effervescent granules
Effervescent granules contain medicaments including
Citric acid
Tartaric acid
Sodium bicarbonate
It is sometimes added to effervescent granules for sweetening taste
Saccharin or sucrose
These are solid dosage forms of medicaments which are prepared by molding or compression with or without Excipients
Tablets
Enumerate the nine drug dosage forms under tablets
Compressed tablets
Multiple compressed tablets
Chewable tablets
Buccal
Sublingual
Effervescent
Sugar coated
Film Coated
Enteric coated
No special coating
Compressed tablets or classical
With more than one compression
Multiple compressed or layered tablets
Meant to be chewed and subsequently swallowed which are frequently used for children elderly and patients who cannot swallow
Chewable tablets
Designed to be absorbed in the buccal cavity
Buccal
Designed to be absorbed under the tongue
Sublingual
Sublingual tablets utilizes what
Super disintegrant 3 minutes
Release carbon dioxide when dissolved in water
Effervescent
Mask offensive taste the disadvantage of this is bulky
Sugar coated
Less bulky and less time consuming and is more durable
Film Coated
Designed to dissolve in alkaline pH to release medication in the small intestine
Enteric coated
Disc shape intended to dissolve or disintegrate slowly in the mouth
Lozenges or troches or pastilles
Used by physician to create parenteral products
Hypodermic tablets
Small stereo of containing a concentration of drug for subcutaneous implantation
Pellets
A soft moist mass of meals herb seed etc usually applied hot in clothes
Cataplasm or Poultices
Solid semi solid adhesive masses spreading on a backing paper fabric small skin or plastic to provide a prolonged contact at the site
Plasters
Medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream
Transdermal patch
Used for cover or protection resembling ointment
Dressing
A sugar-based lozenges on stick
Lollipops
Are small round solid dosage forms containing medicinal agents and intended to be administered orally
Pills
Large long tablet intended for administration to animals
Bolus
Are solid unit dosage forms in which one or more medicaments and closed within a shell
Capsule
Capsules are mainly divided into two parts namely
Body and Cap
It is the longest part of capsule shell
It is the smallest part of capsule shell
Body
Cap
The capsule are generally prepared by
Gelatin
Depending on their formulation two types of gelatin are used namely as
Hard gelatin
Soft gelatin
Obtained by partial hydrolysis of collagen obtains from the skin white connective tissues and bones of animals
Gelatin
Made from gelatin colorants and opacifying agent
Hard gelatin capsule
Hard gelatin capsule is stored through
Tightly closed glass container
What is the moisture sensitivity of hard gelatin capsule
12 to 16%
How many milligrams are there in number 5 cap size
60 to 130 mg
How many milligrams are there in number 000 cap size
650 to 2000 mg
What number can be swallowed by humans
Number zero
Soft gelatin capsule are made from gelatin shells with what?
Glycerin or sorbitol
Soft gelatin capsules are with glycerin or sorbitol to render its elastic or plastic like called as
Plasticizers
Soft gelatin capsules are with glycerin or sorbitol to render its elastic or plastic like called as
Plasticizers
Soft gelatin capsules used to contain what?
Liquids, suspensions, pastes, dry powders and pellets
Soft gelatin capsule are prepared by what process
Plate process or rotary
What is the moisture sensitivity of soft gelatin capsule
6 to 10%