Pipe & Excavation Flashcards
The advantage of an U blade over an Semi-U blade is it:
Holds more material
The best piece of equipment to strip material over a long distance is a:
Scraper
What is the purpose of a trench box?
To support a wall of soil
When positioning a trench box it is always centered over the pipe. To maintain safety in the ditch, the maximum height above the pipe you should install a trench box is:
5 feet
The easiest type of rock to rip is:
Sedimentary
The percent of a slope which rises at a 45-degree angle is:
100 %
A reference stake is 16.4” from the hub. Fill is to be stated at a distance of 6.8” from the hub. Distances are measured how?
Horizontally
Before making a pass, what should the dozer be aligned with?
Blade dump area
The level of underground water is called:
Water table
Soil that has the maximum amount of water it can hold is called:
Saturated soil
Slot dozing has what advantage?
It helps transfer more soil
What is the best piece of equipment to dig a trench in soft soil?
Tracked backhoe
What is the problem with excavation in narrow spaces?
You cannot easily add water necessary for wetting
The best method to use to estimate earthwork is to:
Divide into sections
What will increase the productivity of a self-loading scraper in muddy soil?
A dozer pushing on the push blocks at the rear of the bowl
The effect of loading uphill using a scraper is:
It increases cycle time
What is the hardest part of the grader’s work?
Finish blading
The advantage to using an angle blade over a straight blade is to:
Sidecast materials
The type of blade preferred when pushing soil over long distances is:
U Shaped
What is the best dozer to use for landscaping?
Light utility dozer
If an operator fails to lift, tilt, and angle the blade of a dozer just right:
Most of the load is lost
The amount of water required for a given soil to reach maximum density is known as the:
Optimum moisture content
The advantage of nuclear compaction testing is:
You do not have to remove the soil from the site
If you are working a job that has silt or clay soil that has become saturated and compaction is an issue, what should you do?
Haul it away and replace it with dry soil
What do contour lines show?
They connect points of the same elevation above or below a reference
Load factor =
Bank volume divided by bank volume + swell factor
The best piece of vibratory compaction equipment in situations where you have a wide trench and no cross-lines is:
Sheepsfoot roller
Horizontal distances are measured with a:
Tape measure
A well-point system is the best method for dewatering in:
Sandy soils
What is the easiest method for compaction?
Puddling
What is the normal range of speed for dozing?
1.5 to 4 MPH
A downhill slope is a:
Negative grade
Which of the below would increase the dozer’s blade capacity when moving materials?
Negative grading
You are excavating an area 245 feet by 350 feet; the equipment can remove 100 cubic yards per hour. If you need 6 inches of grade cut off the whole area, how many hours would it take?
15.88 hours
What type of equipment should be used to dig a trench in soft soil?
Tracked excavator
A parking lot is 140 feet wide, and it slopes 1/8th inch per foot. The highest elevation is 80 feet. What is lowest elevation?
78.54 feet
What is the definition of a benchmark?
A fixed reference point of laying out a building
How many feet are there between surveying stations that read 1 + 50?
150 feet
You are checking elevations in an excavated area. There are 3 stakes set called A, B, and C. The A stake is labeled 3’4”, the B stake is labeled 4’10” and the C stake is labeled 7’2”. What is the difference between stake A and C?
3’10”
A reference stake has 13’8” and F 8’3” written on it, what does the 13’8” mean?
13’8” from the edge of the fill area
An effective way of moving materials a short distance downhill is:
A Tracked loader
What is the calculation for production trenching / moving dirt in a backhoe set?
Divide volume of dirt by dirt moved in cycle
What is the best method to estimate earth work on irregular ground?
Divide the plan into grids or sections
What is the best method for hauling dirt over a long distance?
Self-loading scraper or loader and truck
What is the best method for compacting sand and gravel?
Puddling and vibration
Which of the below would be used for excavating shallow trenches with cross lines?
Wheeled / Rubber tire backhoe
In what direction does the shock wave of an explosion travel?
The path of least resistance
What is a hub?
A small stake driven into the ground to identify some reference point.
What is driven into the ground near the hub?
A reference stake.
If the reference stake shows only a station number where can the reference data be located?
The information that is normally on a reference stake itself will be on the “Cut Sheet”.
What is a cut sheet?
A form showing elevations, cuts, and horizontal distances to a fixed point.
