Pilotscafe Review Flashcards
VDP Visual Descent Point
A defined point on the final approach course of a non-precision straightin approach procedure from which normal descent from the MDA to the runway touchdown point may begin provided adequate visual reference is established.
Standard VOR Service volumes Terminal:
Terminal: 1000ft to 12000 ft 25 NM
Standard VOR Service volumes LOW
1000ft to 18000 40 NM
Standard VOR Service volumes HIG
1000-14.500: 40 14.500-18.000: 100 18.000-45.000: 130 45.000-65.000: 100
VOR limitations:
Cone of confusion. Reverse sensing.(if used incorrectly) Requires line of site to station.
VOR receiver checks: (§91.171) Every 30 calendar days.
VOT ±4° Repair station ±4° VOR ground checkpoint ±4° VOR airborne checkpoint ±6° Dual VOR cross-check ±4° Above a prominent groundlandmark on a selected radial at least 20 NM from a VOR, flying at a “reasonably low altitude” ±6°
VOR check signoff: (§91.171)
D.E.P.S D- Date E- Error P- Place S- Signature
What is cone of confusion?
VOR cone of silence/confusion is where the signal is too small to be correctly interpreted by the VOR receiver,
Explain reverse sensing on VOR
Reverse sensing occurs when the current heading is on the bottom half of the VOR.
What is HAT?
Hight above touchdown zone. MDA
NAVAID
A navaid is a physical device on the ground that airplanes can detect and fly to. Modern examples include NDBs and VORs
What is EFC?
Expect-Further-Clearance
What are the components of ILS approach?
LocalizerGlide-slopeMarker Beacons
Error of glide slope
False glide slope above normal glide slope.
Approach Light System (ALS)
Helps the transition between radio-guided flights into a visual approach. Can help in estimating flight visibility if you know the dimensions of the specific ALS configuration.
what is Marker beacons
Provides range information over specific points along the approach. Transmits at 75 MHz.
What are the types of marker beacons?
Outer Marker Middle MarkerInner MarkerBack Course Marker
What is outer marker
Outer marker: 4-7 miles out. Indicate the position at which the aircraft should intercept the GS at the appropriateinterception altitude ±50ft. BLUE. “- - -“
what is Middle Marker
Middle marker: ~3500ft from the runway. Indicates the approximate point where the GS meets the decision height.Usually 200ft above the touchdown zone elevation. AMBER. “. - . -”
what is Inner Marker
Inner marker: between the MM and runway threshold. Indicates the point where the glide slope meets the DH on a CAT II
what is Back Course Marker
ILS approach. WHITE. “. . .” Back course marker: Indicates the FAF on selected back course approaches. Not a part of the ILS approach. WHITE. “.. ..”
What are the Types of altitudes?
Indicated altitude – Pressure altitude – Density altitude True altitude Absolute altitude –
Indicated altitude –
Uncorrected altitude indicated on the dial when set to local pressure setting (QNH).
Pressure altitude –
Altitude above the standard 29.92. Hg plane. (QNE)