Piliavin Flashcards
Name the method used in oiliavins study
Field experiment
Describe the sample of piliavins study
- opportunity sample
- 4450 passengers on the subway
- 55% white 45% black
State the IVs of piliavins study
- type of victim
- race of victim
- presence/absence of helping model
- number of passengers
State the DV’s of piliavins study
- time taken for 1st passenger to help
- total number of passengers who helped
State the aim of piliavins study
To study factors affecting whether people would help a collapsed man on the New York underground
Describe the background of piliavins study
Kitty Genoese
describe the case study of kitty genovese
- Murder that took place in 1964
- 38 people claimed to see the event however no one called the police
Define the term bystander
Anyone who is present at an incident but not directly involved
Describe the meaning of the phrase diffusion of responsibility
When in large groups the responsibilities are shared between them all
How many passengers were estimated to travel the subway in piliavins study?
4550
Describe the procedure used in piliavins study
- An experiment fake collapsed in the subway
- the number of people who helped was recorded by another experimenter
- the type of victim varied
Where and when did piliavins study take place ?
On the New York subway, between the hours of 11-3
What is the key theme of piliavins study
Response to people in need
What does unsolicited participants mean?
They were normal people travelling on the subway so the experimenter did not get consent from them a
Why did piliavins not need to gain consent?
Participants were in a public place
Give the conclusions drawn from piliavins study
- an I’ll person is more likely to recive hell that a drunk
- men are more likely to help than women
- people are more likely to help someone of the same ethnicity
- there is a no strong relationship between the size of the group and the likely hold of being helped
- the longer an incident goes on the less likely they are to be helped
Give the assumptions of the social area
- behaviour is affected by the imagined, implied or actual presence of others
- a major influence on people’s behaviour, through processes and emotions and other people and the society have created
- ab individuals behaviour is affected by situational factors for example the environment we find ourselves in
Define the term ambiguity of situation
We are unsure of the situation and therefore we don’t help because we don’t want to embarrass ourselves
Define the term pluralistic ignorance
We look to other people to see how they are reacting - if they are doing nothing, we also do nothing
Give the strengths of the method used in piliavins study
- one strength of a field experiment is the amount of realism
- this tooo place in a natural environment (tram carriage)
- this increases ecological validity
Give a weakness of the method used in piliavins study
- one weakness of a field experiment is the ethical issues raised
- participants could not consent they were unsolicited participants
- this raises ethical issues
Describe the results in the ill vs drunk condition of piliavins study
-95% of the time the ill victim received help
-people took longer to help in the ill condition
Drunk 83% over 70s
I’ll 17% over 70s
-the proportion of which more than one person helped did not vary with race
Describe the results of piliavins study in terms of race
- In the ill comdition blakc and white victims were equally likely to be helped, however in the drunk condition but the black victim was less likely to receive help
- same race effect in the drunk condition
- the proportion of cases in which more than one person helped did not vary with race
Describe the results of piliavins study in terms of number of bystanders
- there was no evidence of diffusion of responsibility
- when more passengers were present, people were slightly more likely to receive help
