Piliavin

Question 1

Aim

Answer 1

1) to find out whether diffusion of responsibility applies to all situations
2) what are the factors might influence helping behaviour

Question 2

Method

Answer 2

Field experiment

Independent design

Question 3

Iv&dv

Answer 3

Iv- lame or drunk, black or white

Dv- how many people helped in each condition, gender of helpers, race of helpers, where helpers sat, comments from passages, how many people moved away

Question 4

Participants

Answer 4

Opportunity sample 4500 passengers

New York subway 55% white and 45% black

Question 5

Procedure

Answer 5

Teams of four students conducted trials

Victim young male

Victim either walks with cane or carried a bottle in a brown paper bag

Role model was always a young male

70 seconds into journey victim pretended to collapse

To female students observers

If no one helped after either 70 or 150 seconds the role model helps

Question 6

Controls

Answer 6

Always 125th Street to 59th Street in eight minutes

Same 2 Youngmale victims

Same to female observers

Same critical area

Always between 11 AM and 3 PM

Question 7

Quantitated findings

Answer 7

95% of lame trials victim was helped immediately

55% of drunk trials were. Helped immediately

First helper usually male and some evidence of same race helping in drunk condition

Question 8

Conclusions

Answer 8

Factor one: emergency situation creates a sense of empathy in bystanders, which increases sense of identity with victim

Factor two: there is a cost award calculation. A decision is made between the possible cost and possible reward of helping.

Question 9

Approach

Answer 9

Social approach