Pilates Foundations

Question 1

8 Core Pilates Principles

Answer 1

1. Breathing
2. Concentration
3. Control
4. Centering
5. Precision
6. Flow
7. Integrated Awareness
8. Routine

Question 2

5 key elements of movement

Answer 2

breathing
postural alignment (head, shoulders, ribs, neutral spine, hip, knee, foot)
conscious connection to the movement control muscles
lever control
articulation

Question 3

Joint planes of movement

Answer 3

sagittal plane (left and right, movements, flexion and extension) 
frontal or coronal plane (front and back, adduction and abduction) 
transverse plane (top and bottom, rotation, supination and pronation)

Question 4

Joint Movements

Neck

Answer 4

Flexion, extension, rotation, lateral flexion

Question 5

Joint Movements

Shoulder

Answer 5

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction internal and external rotation, horizontal flexion and extension

Question 6

Joint Movements

elbow

Answer 6

flexion, extension

Question 7

Joint Movements

forearm

Answer 7

supination, pronation

Question 8

Joint Movements

wrist

Answer 8

flexion, extension

ulnar and radial deviation

Question 9

Joint Movements

spine

Answer 9

flexion, extension
rotation
lateral flexion

Question 10

Joint Movements

hip

Answer 10

flexion, extension
internal and external rotation
adduction, abduction

Question 11

Joint Movements

knee

Answer 11

flex extend

Question 12

Joint Movements

ankle

Answer 12

plantar dorsi flexion

eversion/inversion