Muscle balance, opposing muscles! Flashcards
NECK
flexion and extension
deep necck flexors oppose posterior extensors
Neck
rotation
sternocleidomastoid, levator scapula, splenius capitus, splenius cervical and cervical ES are opposed by the same muscles on the opposite side
Neck
lateral flexion
Scalenes, splenius capitus and the ES are opposed by the same
muscles on the opposite side
Scapula
elevation and depression
Upper trapezius oppose the lower trapezius
Scapula
retraction and protraction
Rhomboids oppose pectoralis minor
Shoulder
flexion and extension
Anterior and middle deltoid, pectoralis major, coracobrachialis
and long head of biceps oppose latissimus dorsi, posterior and
middle deltoid, teres minor, and triceps
Shoulder
Abduction/adduction
Deltoid (anterior and middle) oppose the latissimus dorsi and
pectoralis major
Shoulder
ER/IR:
Infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior deltoid oppose
subscapularis and teres major and anterior deltoid
Elbow
Flexion/extension:
Brachialis, biceps and brachioradialis oppose triceps
Elbow
Supination/pronation:
Supinator and partly biceps oppose pronator quadratus and
pronator teres
Hand and Wrist
Flexion/extension:
Flexor carpi radialis, lefxor carpi ulnaris, and palmaris longus
oppose extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis
brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris and extensor digitorum
Hand and Wrist
UD/RD:
Flexor carpi ulnaris and extensor carpi ulnaris oppose extensor
carpi radialis longus and brevis, flexor carpi radialis, abductor
policis longus, and extensor policis brevis and longus
Lumbar Spine
Flexion/extension:
Rectus abdominus, internal oliques, external obliques, psoas
major oppose longissimus, Iliocostalis, spinalis, multifidus,
quadratus lumborum, interspinalis lumborum, and
intertransversarii
Lumbar Spine
Rotation:
Internal oblique, external oblique, illiocostalis, multifidus and the
rotatores are opposed by the same muscles on the opposite
side
Lumbar spine
Lateral flexion
Quadratus lumborum, iliocostalis, longissimus, multifidus, and
the intertransversarii are opposed by the same muscles on the
opposite side
What are the four main muscle groups in opposition in the pelvis?
- Erector spinae, quadratus lumborum, and other posterior back muscles attached to
the posterior superior part of the pelvis, exert an upward pull posteriorly - The anterior abdominals, especially the rectus abdominis with its insertion on the
symphysis pubis and the external oblique with attachment on the anterior iliac crest,
exert an upwards pull anteriorly - The gluteus maximus and hamstrings, with fasciae latae, and sartorius with
attachments on the posterior Ilium, sacrum, and ischium, exert a downward pull
posteriorly - The hip flexors, including the rectus femoris, tensor fasciae latae, and sartorius with
attachments on the anterior superior and inferior spines of the Ilium, and the Iliopsoas
with attachment on the lumbar spine and inner surface of the Ilium, exert a downward
pull anteriorly
Hip
Flexion/extension:
Psoas major, iliacus, iliopsoas, rectus femoris, tensor fasciae
latae, and sartorius oppose gluteus maximus, hamstrings and
adductor magnus
Hip
Abduction/adduction:
Gluteus medius and minimus, tensor fasciae latae and sartorius
oppose adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus,
pectineus and gracilis
Hip
ER/IR:
Posterior gluteus medius, piriformis, obturator internus and
externus, quadratus femoris, and the gemelli oppose tensor
fascia latae, anterior gluteus medius and gluteus minimus
Knee
Flexion/extension:
Hamstrings, gastrocnemius and popliteus oppose quadriceps
Foot
Anteroposterior
Dorsiflexors oppose plantar flexors.
Foot
Lateral and rotary:
Tibials oppose peroneals.
