Pigs

Question 1

how many pigs are on the piggery?

Answer 1

46,000

Question 2

what breeds do they use at the piggery?

Answer 2

Landrace crossed with large white

Question 3

Why are these breeds used?

Answer 3

Landrace pigs produce good quality meat and Large white produce good templament, prolific , maternal instant pigs

Question 4

how is breeding done?

Answer 4

By AI- every Monday and Tuesday the sows and gilts are AI’d

Question 5

What are the gilts given?

Answer 5

PG600 five days before sows come into heat to synchronise heat cycles

Question 6

What happens when sows and gilts are being served?

Answer 6

boars tease ones are placed in front of them to ensure they stand correctly to receive AI.

Question 7

Each week how many sows were AI’d

Answer 7

100 roughly

Question 8

how many sows each week recieve premium AI?

Answer 8

25

Question 9

How do they differentiate what sows get premium AI?

Answer 9

-piglets per year
-BCS at weaning
-Mothering ability
-Number of lactations
-Age

Question 10

how do you know they received the premium AI?

Answer 10

Notch in ear at birth

Question 11

Steps to AI

Answer 11

-Clean vulva
-Insert catheter
-Connect to pouch
-Wait for it to empty which could take a few mins
-Backs are shaved and marked for identification.
-Redone 24 hours later.

Question 12

When are farrowing houses cleaned?

Answer 12

Every Thursday after weaning

Question 13

When do sows enter the farrowing house ?

Answer 13

Friday morning after there let air dry

Question 14

What are the farrowing houses equipped with?

Answer 14

Sleeves and oxytocin

Question 15

how many sows are moved to the farrowing house every Friday?

Answer 15

90-100

Question 16

When are the sows due to start farrowing?

Answer 16

the Monday after they enter the farrowing houses

Question 17

Whats the temperature of the farrowing house?

Answer 17

25 degrees

Question 18

how many piglets are born on average per sow?

Answer 18

14 piglets

Question 19

what weight is a piglet at birth on average?

Answer 19

1.3kg

Question 20

What can be injected into sows when farrowing?

Answer 20

-Oxytocin after the 9th sow usually and afterwards to help pass afterbirth.

Question 21

If weak piglets are born what are they given sometimes?

Answer 21

Oral glucose

Question 22

How much colostrum should a piglet receive at birth?

Answer 22

150-200mls averagely

Question 23

What temperature is the heat lamp at?

Answer 23

30 degrees

Question 24

How long do piglets stay in farrowing crate with their mothers?

Answer 24

4 weeks

Question 25

What is the diet of piglets in farrowing units?

Answer 25

- Majority mothers milk - at 7 days of age they introduced to creep feed -3 weeks old intro to wet feed

Question 26

What common issues lead to mortality in the farrowing unit?

Answer 26

-piglets born weak 40-50% -piglets crushed 20-30% -piglets starvation 40-50%

Question 27

When piglets are born under 900g whats their changes of survival? and why do they die?

Answer 27

40-50% As they struggle to get enough colostrum - vulnerable to hypothermia. Its important to use breeds that produce high performance piglets to reduce this issue.

Question 28

Why does scour occur in young piglets in the farrowing unit?

Answer 28

due to CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGES in LI after introduced to creep feed

Question 29

If piglets get scour in farrowing units, what is solution?

Answer 29

Add potato starch to the water

Question 30

What sort of creep feed is the piglets introduced to at 7 days of age?

Answer 30

-10mm pellets to ensure high consumption rates

Question 31

What's the Nutritional Info on the pellets in the farrowing unit? (8 things)

Answer 31

CP 20% CO 6% CF 5% CA 6% Calc 0.9% Phos 0.7% Ly 1.15% Sodi 0.2%

Question 32

What protein percentage in pellets? In the farrowing units?

Answer 32

20%

Question 33

What lysine % in pellets in the farrowing units?

Answer 33

1.15%

Question 34

At 3 weeks old, why are the piglets introduced to wet feed?

Answer 34

-Ensure a smooth transition to stage 1 feed. -Increased weight gain.

Question 35

Composition of wet feed in farrowing units: (5 things)

Answer 35

-Starter 88 -Dried yeast -Iron power -Kefir yogurt

Question 36

Starter 88 composition:

Answer 36

CP 17.2% Lysine 1.3%

Question 37

When are tails cut and injected?

Answer 37

Mondays Tuesdays Fridays

Question 38

How many litters each week got tails cut and injections?

Answer 38

12-20 liters

Question 39

How many days old are the piglets before their tails are cut?

Answer 39

3 days old, same for injection

Question 40

What injection do the piglets receive at 3 days old? -What dosage -Why is it important , what are you trying to prevent?

Answer 40

- 1.5ml Unifern- iron injection -Its important as piglets have low iron stores at birth due to poor transfer of iron from the placenta to the foetus - trying to prevent anaemia

Question 41

Weaker smaller piglets receive what in follow up weeks?

Answer 41

Another dose of unifern 1-2 weeks after initial

Question 42

When pigs are being weaned at 4 weeks old whats the highest weight and the lowest weight?

Answer 42

-4kg -8kg

Question 43

What other vaccinations do the piglets receive in the farrowing unit, and when? Why do they get it?

Answer 43

-0.2ml of PCV ID and Mycoplasma -1 week before they are weaned. -Its to protest against a enzootic pneumonia that's a common respitory disease in pigs

Question 44

What can this pneumonia lead to?

Answer 44

hidden or subclinical infection

Question 45

Automatic feeders at bradys : Explain !

Answer 45

-unwanted bred, put into tank mixed with water from the roof and stored until needed. -Blends mixture with appropriate meal when needed in houses.

Question 45

How many fit in a group in the dry sows shed ?

Answer 45

16

Question 46

Names of different tanks:

Answer 46

-Grower -Link -Fattening

Question 47

What feed do dry sows get?

Answer 47

Every morning they receive wet feed once a day.

Question 48

What is in the feed that the dry sows are on?

Answer 48

-Bread -Water -Whey protein -Dry sow meal -Farrowing meal

Question 49

Whats the composition of the dry sow meal?

Answer 49

****

Question 50

Feeding regime of sows that are approaching farrowing:

Answer 50

they are on a curve- 2.5kg of feed thats increased to 3.5kg from day 80-100 of gestation this is adjusted back to 2.2kg 10 days before farrowing -they are fed individually in farrowing houses. They get fed twice daily accompanied by wet feed.

Question 51

what does the wet feed in the farrowing house include for sows?

Answer 51

-water -bread -whey protein -dry sow meal -farrowing meal

Question 52

List sows reproductive cycle:

Answer 52

-Sow in heat will stand -Gestation 115 days -Farrows -Suckles for 4 weeks (28 days) -Weaned -Mating 5 days after weaning

Question 53

How long is a sows production cycle?

Answer 53

148-150 days

Question 54

What are large white pigs known for?

Answer 54

-growth rate and litter size

Question 55

Talk about large white pigs:

Answer 55

-Females mature at 300kg Carcass of 58-60% lean meat -Puberty at 180 days

Question 56

Land race -talk about it

Answer 56

-dual purpose (2 types) -crosses well with other breeds -Good farrowing, large liter sizes -Good carcass weight- ideal amount of finish

Question 57

What can be an issue with pigs/piglets?

Answer 57

PSS- Porcine sudden death syndrome (Halothane negative)

Question 58

Whats the rule of thumb with lysine?

Answer 58

25 grams of lysine per kg of growth rate

Question 59

When are guilts bred?

Answer 59

220-230 days old at 130 kg or in there 3rd oestrous period

Question 60

What do guilts need to come into puberty?

Answer 60

14 hours of light

Question 61

What are guilts fed ?

Answer 61

they are fed on single space feeders - 2.5-4.0kg of 13% digestible energy and 8grams/kg of lysine

Question 62

how many piglets are in the stage 1 pens ?

Answer 62

50

Question 63

how are the stage one piglets fed?

Answer 63

through automatic feeders, but the E piglets also receive vigour pellet meal to support weight gain.

Question 64

Whats the % in stage 1 feed:

Answer 64

18% protein and 1.2% lysine.

Question 65

How many is in a pen in stage 2 weaners?

Answer 65

35

Question 66

What diet is stage 2 weaners on?

Answer 66

Week one is the same feed as stage one and then they are transitioned to a bred mix that is also fed to fatteners

Question 67

Stage two feed thats the same as fatteners: Composition: (ingredients not %)

Answer 67

-Bread -Whey protein -Grower meal -Fattener meal -Link meal

Question 68

% and composition of stage 2 and fatteners diet:

Answer 68

Crude protein 17% Crude oil 6% Crude fiber 5.5% Lysine 1.15%

Question 69

How many are in the pens for fatteners?

Answer 69

20 pigs

Question 70

How much feed do fatteners get?

Answer 70

3-4kg per day , for every 3kg is 1 kg of weight gain

Question 71

how much do the fatteners gain per day?

Answer 71

1-1.5kg per day

Question 72

how long do fatteners stay ?

Answer 72

12 weeks

Question 73

whats the target slaughter weight?

Answer 73

100-120kg

Question 74

How often is the dry sow meal topped up?

Answer 74

twice daily

Question 75

How much lysine does the guilts get in their feed?

Answer 75

1.2%

Question 76

What vaccine is administered to prevent wasting disease? when is it given?

Answer 76

-Cirovac -2ml -3-6 weeks before farrowing or AI

Question 77

What are the fans good for?

Answer 77

Circulation of the controlled temperature

Question 78

Temp in farrowing units?

Answer 78

25 degrees

Question 79

Temp in stage 1 weaners ?

Answer 79

30 degrees which gradually drops to 26 degrees

Question 80

Temp in stage 2 weaners ?

Answer 80

26 which gradually drops to 21 degrees

Question 81

-Temp in fattening unit -Dry sow house -Guilt house

Answer 81

21 degrees

Question 82

% culling of sows

Answer 82

45%

Question 83

Litter/sow/year

Answer 83

2.35

Question 84

pigs/sow/year

Answer 84

27.5

Question 85

Average size of litter born

Answer 85

14.8 piglets

Question 86

The average size of litter at weaning

Answer 86

is 13.6 piglets

Question 87

At weaning age

Answer 87

4 weeks

Question 88

weight at weaning

Answer 88

4-8kg

Question 89

weight at sale

Answer 89

100-120kg

Question 90

Age at sale

Answer 90

6/7 months

Question 91

How many fatteners are taken to factory each week

Answer 91

1200

Question 92

Composition of Dry sow diet:

Answer 92

Portein: Lysine:

Question 93

Dry sows and farrowing sows on same diet why? :

Answer 93

To try and maintain BCS

Question 94

Farrowing sows also get another feed what is it?

Answer 94

Suckling meal 1.8kg

Question 95

How do you know if a sow is coming into heat?

Answer 95

Mounting behaviors Vocilasation Swollen red vulva Raised tail Decreased appitite

Question 96

Stage 2 weaners feed composition and fattners:

Answer 96

Transitioned to a bread mix, also fed to fattners, includes soyabean meal wheat, barley,maize CP- 17% Lysine- 1.15% Crude fibre- 5.5%

Question 97

Guilt feed and farrowing pigs feed composition:

Answer 97

17% crude fibre 0.9-1% lysine bread, farrowing meal, dry sow meal. Soyabean meal

Question 98

what % protein is in soyabean meal?

Answer 98

45%

Question 99

What % protein is stage 1 weaners