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Interview PWE > Pigs > Flashcards

Pigs Flashcards

1
Q

how many pigs are on the piggery?

A

46,000

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2
Q

what breeds do they use at the piggery?

A

Landrace crossed with large white

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3
Q

Why are these breeds used?

A

Landrace pigs produce good quality meat and Large white produce good templament, prolific , maternal instant pigs

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4
Q

how is breeding done?

A

By AI- every Monday and Tuesday the sows and gilts are AI’d

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5
Q

What are the gilts given?

A

PG600 five days before sows come into heat to synchronise heat cycles

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6
Q

What happens when sows and gilts are being served?

A

boars tease ones are placed in front of them to ensure they stand correctly to receive AI.

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7
Q

Each week how many sows were AI’d

A

100 roughly

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8
Q

how many sows each week recieve premium AI?

A

25

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9
Q

How do they differentiate what sows get premium AI?

A

-piglets per year
-BCS at weaning
-Mothering ability
-Number of lactations
-Age

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10
Q

how do you know they received the premium AI?

A

Notch in ear at birth

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11
Q

Steps to AI

A

-Clean vulva
-Insert catheter
-Connect to pouch
-Wait for it to empty which could take a few mins
-Backs are shaved and marked for identification.
-Redone 24 hours later.

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12
Q

When are farrowing houses cleaned?

A

Every Thursday after weaning

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13
Q

When do sows enter the farrowing house ?

A

Friday morning after there let air dry

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14
Q

What are the farrowing houses equipped with?

A

Sleeves and oxytocin

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15
Q

how many sows are moved to the farrowing house every Friday?

A

90-100

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16
Q

When are the sows due to start farrowing?

A

the Monday after they enter the farrowing houses

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17
Q

Whats the temperature of the farrowing house?

A

25 degrees

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18
Q

how many piglets are born on average per sow?

A

14 piglets

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19
Q

what weight is a piglet at birth on average?

A

1.3kg

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20
Q

What can be injected into sows when farrowing?

A

-Oxytocin after the 9th sow usually and afterwards to help pass afterbirth.

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21
Q

If weak piglets are born what are they given sometimes?

A

Oral glucose

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22
Q

How much colostrum should a piglet receive at birth?

A

150-200mls averagely

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23
Q

What temperature is the heat lamp at?

A

30 degrees

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24
Q

How long do piglets stay in farrowing crate with their mothers?

A

4 weeks

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25
Q

What is the diet of piglets in farrowing units?

A
  • Majority mothers milk
  • at 7 days of age they introduced to creep feed
    -3 weeks old intro to wet feed
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26
Q

What common issues lead to mortality in the farrowing unit?

A

-piglets born weak 40-50%
-piglets crushed 20-30%
-piglets starvation 40-50%

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27
Q

When piglets are born under 900g whats their changes of survival?
and why do they die?

A

40-50%
As they struggle to get enough colostrum - vulnerable to hypothermia. Its important to use breeds that produce high performance piglets to reduce this issue.

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28
Q

Why does scour occur in young piglets in the farrowing unit?

A

due to
CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGES in LI after introduced to creep feed

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29
Q

If piglets get scour in farrowing units, what is solution?

A

Add potato starch to the water

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30
Q

What sort of creep feed is the piglets introduced to at 7 days of age?

A

-10mm pellets to ensure high consumption rates

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31
Q

What’s the Nutritional Info on the pellets in the farrowing unit?
(8 things)

A

CP 20%
CO 6%
CF 5%
CA 6%
Calc 0.9%
Phos 0.7%
Ly 1.15%
Sodi 0.2%

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32
Q

What protein percentage in pellets? In the farrowing units?

A

20%

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33
Q

What lysine % in pellets in the farrowing units?

A

1.15%

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34
Q

At 3 weeks old, why are the piglets introduced to wet feed?

A

-Ensure a smooth transition to stage 1 feed.
-Increased weight gain.

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35
Q

Composition of wet feed in farrowing units:
(5 things)

A

-Starter 88
-Dried yeast
-Iron power
-Kefir yogurt

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36
Q

Starter 88 composition:

A

CP 17.2%
Lysine 1.3%

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37
Q

When are tails cut and injected?

A

Mondays
Tuesdays
Fridays

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38
Q

How many litters each week got tails cut and injections?

A

12-20 liters

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39
Q

How many days old are the piglets before their tails are cut?

A

3 days old, same for injection

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40
Q

What injection do the piglets receive at 3 days old?
-What dosage
-Why is it important , what are you trying to prevent?

A
  • 1.5ml Unifern- iron injection
    -Its important as piglets have low iron stores at birth due to poor transfer of iron from the placenta to the foetus - trying to prevent anaemia
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41
Q

Weaker smaller piglets receive what in follow up weeks?

A

Another dose of unifern 1-2 weeks after initial

42
Q

When pigs are being weaned at 4 weeks old whats the highest weight and the lowest weight?

A

-4kg
-8kg

43
Q

What other vaccinations do the piglets receive in the farrowing unit, and when?
Why do they get it?

A

-0.2ml of PCV ID and Mycoplasma
-1 week before they are weaned.
-Its to protest against a enzootic pneumonia that’s a common respitory disease in pigs

44
Q

What can this pneumonia lead to?

A

hidden or subclinical infection

45
Q

Automatic feeders at bradys : Explain !

A

-unwanted bred, put into tank mixed with water from the roof and stored until needed.
-Blends mixture with appropriate meal when needed in houses.

45
Q

How many fit in a group in the dry sows shed ?

A

16

46
Q

Names of different tanks:

A

-Grower
-Link
-Fattening

47
Q

What feed do dry sows get?

A

Every morning they receive wet feed once a day.

48
Q

What is in the feed that the dry sows are on?

A

-Bread
-Water
-Whey protein
-Dry sow meal
-Farrowing meal

49
Q

Whats the composition of the dry sow meal?

A
50
Q

Feeding regime of sows that are approaching farrowing:

A

they are on a curve- 2.5kg of feed thats increased to 3.5kg from day 80-100 of gestation
this is adjusted back to 2.2kg 10 days before farrowing
-they are fed individually in farrowing houses. They get fed twice daily accompanied by wet feed.

51
Q

what does the wet feed in the farrowing house include for sows?

A

-water
-bread
-whey protein
-dry sow meal
-farrowing meal

52
Q

List sows reproductive cycle:

A

-Sow in heat will stand
-Gestation 115 days
-Farrows
-Suckles for 4 weeks (28 days)
-Weaned
-Mating 5 days after weaning

53
Q

How long is a sows production cycle?

A

148-150 days

54
Q

What are large white pigs known for?

A

-growth rate and litter size

55
Q

Talk about large white pigs:

A

-Females mature at 300kg
Carcass of 58-60% lean meat
-Puberty at 180 days

56
Q

Land race -talk about it

A

-dual purpose (2 types)
-crosses well with other breeds
-Good farrowing, large liter sizes
-Good carcass weight- ideal amount of finish

57
Q

What can be an issue with pigs/piglets?

A

PSS- Porcine sudden death syndrome (Halothane negative)

58
Q

Whats the rule of thumb with lysine?

A

25 grams of lysine per kg of growth rate

59
Q

When are guilts bred?

A

220-230 days old at 130 kg or in there 3rd oestrous period

60
Q

What do guilts need to come into puberty?

A

14 hours of light

61
Q

What are guilts fed ?

A

they are fed on single space feeders
- 2.5-4.0kg of 13% digestible energy and 8grams/kg of lysine

62
Q

how many piglets are in the stage 1 pens ?

A

50

63
Q

how are the stage one piglets fed?

A

through automatic feeders, but the E piglets also receive vigour pellet meal to support weight gain.

64
Q

Whats the % in stage 1 feed:

A

18% protein and 1.2% lysine.

65
Q

How many is in a pen in stage 2 weaners?

A

35

66
Q

What diet is stage 2 weaners on?

A

Week one is the same feed as stage one and then they are transitioned to a bred mix that is also fed to fatteners

67
Q

Stage two feed thats the same as fatteners: Composition: (ingredients not %)

A

-Bread
-Whey protein
-Grower meal
-Fattener meal
-Link meal

68
Q

% and composition of stage 2 and fatteners diet:

A

Crude protein 17%
Crude oil 6%
Crude fiber 5.5%
Lysine 1.15%

69
Q

How many are in the pens for fatteners?

A

20 pigs

70
Q

How much feed do fatteners get?

A

3-4kg per day , for every 3kg is 1 kg of weight gain

71
Q

how much do the fatteners gain per day?

A

1-1.5kg per day

72
Q

how long do fatteners stay ?

A

12 weeks

73
Q

whats the target slaughter weight?

A

100-120kg

74
Q

How often is the dry sow meal topped up?

A

twice daily

75
Q

How much lysine does the guilts get in their feed?

A

1.2%

76
Q

What vaccine is administered to prevent wasting disease? when is it given?

A

-Cirovac
-2ml
-3-6 weeks before farrowing or AI

77
Q

What are the fans good for?

A

Circulation of the controlled temperature

78
Q

Temp in farrowing units?

A

25 degrees

79
Q

Temp in stage 1 weaners ?

A

30 degrees which gradually drops to 26 degrees

80
Q

Temp in stage 2 weaners ?

A

26 which gradually drops to 21 degrees

81
Q

-Temp in fattening unit
-Dry sow house
-Guilt house

A

21 degrees

82
Q

% culling of sows

A

45%

83
Q

Litter/sow/year

A

2.35

84
Q

pigs/sow/year

A

27.5

85
Q

Average size of litter born

A

14.8 piglets

86
Q

The average size of litter at weaning

A

is 13.6 piglets

87
Q

At weaning age

A

4 weeks

88
Q

weight at weaning

A

4-8kg

89
Q

weight at sale

A

100-120kg

90
Q

Age at sale

A

6/7 months

91
Q

How many fatteners are taken to factory each week

A

1200

92
Q

Composition of Dry sow diet:

A

Portein:
Lysine:

93
Q

Dry sows and farrowing sows on same diet why? :

A

To try and maintain BCS

94
Q

Farrowing sows also get another feed what is it?

A

Suckling meal 1.8kg

95
Q

How do you know if a sow is coming into heat?

A

Mounting behaviors
Vocilasation
Swollen red vulva
Raised tail
Decreased appitite

96
Q

Stage 2 weaners feed composition and fattners:

A

Transitioned to a bread mix, also fed to fattners, includes soyabean meal
wheat, barley,maize
CP- 17%
Lysine- 1.15%
Crude fibre- 5.5%

97
Q

Guilt feed and farrowing
pigs feed composition:

A

17% crude fibre
0.9-1% lysine
bread, farrowing meal, dry sow meal.
Soyabean meal

98
Q

what % protein is in soyabean meal?

A

45%

99
Q

What % protein is stage 1 weaners

A

Interview PWE (6 decks)

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