Pigs

Question 1

Semen volume AI

Answer 1

80-100 mls

Question 2

Semen concentration AI

Answer 2

2-5 billion

Question 3

AI timing

Answer 3

-24 and 36 hours from onset in sows
-12 and 24 hours from onset gilts

Question 4

Semen parameters

Answer 4

• 60% motility
• <10% primaries
• <20% secondaries

Question 5

Gilt puberty onset

Answer 5

• photoperiod - short day
• housing - group
• Nutrition
• boar exposure
• exogenous hormones

Question 6

Boar exposure

Answer 6

• gilts 150-150 days old
• boar at least 10 months old
• gilt brought to boar area
• direct physical contact at least 15 min/day

Question 7

Pg600 in gilts

Answer 7

• at least 160-180 days old
• 70% estrus in 7 days
• double rate in gilts exposes to boars

Question 8

Fertility

Answer 8

• almost 100% fertilization
• 20-30% embryos die by day 30
• another 10% die before term

Question 9

Pubertal estrus

Answer 9

• usually don’t breed on pubertal estrus. Get 1.5-2 more piglets if wait till 2nd estrus

Question 10

Altrenogest in gilts

Answer 10

-15mg/gilt/day for 18 days
- AI 5,6,7 days after withdrawl
- same results as AI at 12 and 24 hours with estrus detection

Question 11

Cystic ovaries

Answer 11

• large cysts may produce progesterone and inhibit estrus
• small cysts may produce estrogen and nymphomania
• cystic CL are benign

Question 12

Boar effect time to estrus

Answer 12

• 5-10 days depending on age

Question 13

Synch protocols table

Answer 13

Question 14

Weaned synch

Answer 14

• estrus in 3-14 days
• 78% by day 7
• must have been at least 10-14 day lactation
• low fertility between 7-10 days post weaning. Push those sows to second estrus
• WEI increases as lactation time decreases
• 21-28 day lactation ideal

Question 15

Wean + hormone synch

Answer 15

• 21 day lactation
• 1000 IU PMSG at weaning
• 500 IU hCG 72 hours later
• AI 24 hours after that

Question 16

PG600 in weaned sows

Answer 16

• fertile estrus in 3-5 days

Question 17

Elective Abortion

Answer 17

• PGF2a works between days 12-90
• abortion in 30-45 hours
• fertile estrus in 4-7 days if before 40 days gestation
• could breed gilts in pubertal estrus then abortion for resynch
• 2 low doses of lutalyse or 1 high dose estrumate

Question 18

Estrus synch sows

Answer 18

• oral progesterone 18 days
• prolong luteal (P4 or E2)
• group wean PG600
• elective abortion

Question 19

Preg check

Answer 19

• return to heat - 40%
• PGF2a 13-15 days - 90%
• P4 17-24 days - 90%
• estrone sulfate - 25-30 days - 97%
• palpate - 30 days good 60 better
• US 22 days

Question 20

Prolong WEI

Answer 20

• primiparous in summer
• insufficient feed in lactation

Question 21

Detect acyclicity

Answer 21

Test P4 10 days apart. Values less than 4 ng/ml is acyclic

Question 22

Pseudopregnancy

Answer 22

• all embryos lost after maternal recognition (day 10-14) but before fetal calcification (day 30-40)

Question 23

Coliform mastitis

Answer 23

• gram negative
• e. Coli
• klebsiella
• citrobacter
• enterobacter
• can’t test or culture because of naturally high cell counts and bacteria
• Tx: aminoglycosides or baytril

Question 24

Metritis

Answer 24

• 24-48 hours post partum
• e. Coli
• staph aureus
• actinomyces pyo
• culture sensitivity
• normal involution 6 days
• intrauterine abx prolongs that

Question 25

Transplacental transmission

Answer 25

• usually just viruses
• but also brucella and lepto

Question 26

PPV diagnosis

Answer 26

• FAT on lungs on mummified fetus

Question 27

Hog cholera necropsy

Answer 27

• petechia on the kidneys
• infarction of the spleen is pathognomonic

Question 28

Abortion 107-112 days

Answer 28

• ECMV
• PRRS

Question 29

Weaned timed AI

Answer 29

• 21 day lactation
• wean
• 1000 IU PMSG at weaning
• 72 hours
• 500 IU hCG
• 24 hours
• AI