Abortifacient And Teratogenic Toxins Flashcards
1
Q
Nitrate/nitrite poisoning
A
- Pigweed - amaranthus
- Johnson grass - sorghum
- Jimsonweed - datura
- Lamb’s quarters - chenopodium
- Nitrate/nitrite absorbed into circulation when overwhelmed and cause methemoglobin
- metH can’t cross placenta but nitrate/nitrite can
- Dx with ocular fluid
- Tx with methylene blue
- propionibacterium acidipropionici strain P5
2
Q
Ponderosa pine
A
- pinus ponderosa
- isocupressic acid
- mainly problem in last trimester
- decrease blood flow to uterus
- no Tx
- control exposure
3
Q
Hairy vetch
A
- vicia villosa roth
- toxic compound unknown
- type IV hypersensitivity
- no Tx
- younger cattle less susceptible
4
Q
Broom snake weed
A
- Gutierrezia sarothrae
- western US and Canada
- saponins
- furanoditerpene acids
- flavones
- last trimester
- RFM
- Taste bad, only problem in times of starvation
5
Q
Moldy sweet clover
A
- melilotus species
- coumarin/dicoumarol - vitamin K antagonist
- coag factors 2, 7, 9, 10
- dicoumarol can cross placenta
- Tx with vitamin K1
- lespedeza has coumarin too
6
Q
Locoweeds
A
- astragalus and oxytropis
- swainsonine
- repro failure, EED, abortion
- inhibits enzyme alpha mannosidase
- sporadic abortion and congenital limb deformity
7
Q
Retained placenta
A
- trichomoniasis
- listeria
- ureaplasma
8
Q
vertrum californicum
A
- teratogenic alkaloid (cyclopamine)
- cyclops appearance when ingested between 12-14 days
9
Q
ergot alkaloids
A
- from fescue
- decrease prolactin production
- increase interval from introduction of ram to conception
10
Q
subterranean clover
A
- estrogen producing
- infertility
- irregular and prolonged heats
- vaginal prolapse
- cystic glandular hyperplasia
- enlarged teats
- inappropriate lactation
