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Pigs > Pig Notifiable Diseases > Flashcards

Pig Notifiable Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 OIE listed pig notifiable diseases?

A

Foot and Mouth, Vasicular stomatitis, Classical swine fever, african swine fever

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2
Q

Spread of FMD vs. swine vesicular disease?

A

Both are spread by fecal contamination, movement of pigs, waste foods, personnel, shared equipment, pet pigs

but FMD is also airborne

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3
Q

Route of infection for SVD vs. FMD?

A

Swine vesicular disease = ingestion, cuts/abrasions

FMD = ingestion, inhalation, abrasions/cuts

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4
Q

pathogenesis of vesicular diseases?

A

Virus multiplies locally -> viremia -> cell destruction and formation of vesicles -> excretion of virus via feces (for ~3 months) and URT (for ~2 weeks)

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5
Q

CS of FMD and SVD?

A

Indistinguishable signs in the field.

pyrexia, anorexia, depression
Vesicles around coronary band - white lesions early (rare on snout), vesicles burst and heal by 4 days - underrun the horn and cause sloughing

Sudden onset, severe lameness - arched back unwilling to move - may walk on knees

Morbidity and mortality lower for SVD. high mortality in suckling pigs (vs adults)

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6
Q

Distribution of lesions for FMD/SVD?

A

Coronary band of feet and supernumerary digits, interdigital space, limbs, mammary glands, snout, and tongue

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7
Q

What are some differential diagnoses for vesicular diseases? (5)

A 
Contact dermatitis
Swine pox
Trauma
Chemical burns
Biotin deficiency (bleeding around hoof)
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8
Q

Dx of vesicular diseases

A

Virus isolation - confirm first case

PCR - ancillary test

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9
Q

Spread of the swine fevers?

A

Contact via oral or nasal secretions (pig to pig), movement, waste food w/ uncooked pigmeat, carrier pigs, mechanical / personnel/ vet, infected ticks (ornithodorous) for ASF, wild boars

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10
Q

CS of acute swine fever

A

pyrexia (>40C), inappetant, dull, BLOTCHY discoloration of skin, incoordinated

weakness of hindquarters, constipation -> diarrhea, coughing, death in 4-7d, recovered sows abort, congenital tremor

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11
Q

CS of chronic swine fever

A

dull, unthrifty (stunted growth with PI), variable cough, diarrhea, emaciation, joint swellngs, necrotic ulceration of skin

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12
Q

What are some DDx for the swine fevers? (7)

A 
Bacterial septicemia (blotching of skin)
PCV2 AD
Thrombocytopenia
Warfarin poisoning (hemorrhaging)
Nervous conditions
Erysipelas
Porcine stress syndrome
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13
Q

PM findings for african swine fever

A

Hemorrhagic LN, hemorrhagic kidneys, petechial hemorhhages, blotching of skin (starts off small and then coalesce)

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14
Q

PM findings for classical swine fever

A

Button ulcers! (intestnes - dont really occur anywhere else, with any other disease)

hemorrhage of abdminal viscera, bladder, intestines, skin

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15
Q

Diagnosis of swine fevers?

A

Virus isolation - confirm
PCR - for subsequent cases
Serology - Serum neutralization test (come back in 24 hours - not definitive, but helps suggest)

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16
Q

Under EU legislation, when suspected notifiable disease - a protection zone and surveillance zone are made around the perimeter of infected premises - how wide are these zones (radius)?

A

Protection zone - 3km radius from infected premises

Surveillance zone - 10km min radius

17
Q

What is the principle means of control of exotic notifiable disease?

A

Slaughter of susceptible animals on infected premises and those ID as dangerous contacts

18
Q

After a farm has been cleansed and disinfected following infection w/ notifiable disease - what can you do before putting a whole bunch of new pigs?

A

Put in sentinel pigs - a few.

monitor and see if they come down with disease - if they don’t, you can restock the farm.

19
Q

What is the 20 day rule?

A

Movement of pigs by license only!

No movement OFF for >20 days after movement ON
[most notifiable diseases will start to appear w/in 20 days]

(except if to slaughter, or excemption license from DVM)

20
Q

CS of Aujeszky’s virus?

A 
inappetence, fever, lethargy
fertility problems
nervous signs
respiratory signs
No signs are pathognomonic

notifiable (but not worldwide), free in GB

21
Q

Transmission of aujeszky’s disease?

A 
Oro-nasal route
Aerosol up to 5km (wind)
Semen and AI
Transplacental
Carrier pigs (7-14d excretion after clinical recovery)
Slurry/buildings
Wild boar
22
Q

why is anthrax rare in pigs?

A

They have some resistance

23
Q

What are the three forms of anthrax in pigs?

A

Pharyngeal, intestinal, septicemic

24
Q

Ddx for anthrax?

A

any disease causing sudden death (ex- acute swine fever)

Erysipelas
Clostridia
Salmonella
Hyperthermia
Poisons
25
Q

Dx of anthrax?

A 
Report to AHVLA
Blood smear from superficial vessel
Smears from swab of cervical eema
Also from associated Ln
Polychrome methylene blue

= pink stained rods w/ surrounding clear capsule and spores

Pigs (12 decks)

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