Pig Notifiable Diseases Flashcards
What are the 4 OIE listed pig notifiable diseases?
Foot and Mouth, Vasicular stomatitis, Classical swine fever, african swine fever
Spread of FMD vs. swine vesicular disease?
Both are spread by fecal contamination, movement of pigs, waste foods, personnel, shared equipment, pet pigs
but FMD is also airborne
Route of infection for SVD vs. FMD?
Swine vesicular disease = ingestion, cuts/abrasions
FMD = ingestion, inhalation, abrasions/cuts
pathogenesis of vesicular diseases?
Virus multiplies locally -> viremia -> cell destruction and formation of vesicles -> excretion of virus via feces (for ~3 months) and URT (for ~2 weeks)
CS of FMD and SVD?
Indistinguishable signs in the field.
pyrexia, anorexia, depression
Vesicles around coronary band - white lesions early (rare on snout), vesicles burst and heal by 4 days - underrun the horn and cause sloughing
Sudden onset, severe lameness - arched back unwilling to move - may walk on knees
Morbidity and mortality lower for SVD. high mortality in suckling pigs (vs adults)
Distribution of lesions for FMD/SVD?
Coronary band of feet and supernumerary digits, interdigital space, limbs, mammary glands, snout, and tongue
What are some differential diagnoses for vesicular diseases? (5)
Contact dermatitis Swine pox Trauma Chemical burns Biotin deficiency (bleeding around hoof)
Dx of vesicular diseases
Virus isolation - confirm first case
PCR - ancillary test
Spread of the swine fevers?
Contact via oral or nasal secretions (pig to pig), movement, waste food w/ uncooked pigmeat, carrier pigs, mechanical / personnel/ vet, infected ticks (ornithodorous) for ASF, wild boars
CS of acute swine fever
pyrexia (>40C), inappetant, dull, BLOTCHY discoloration of skin, incoordinated
weakness of hindquarters, constipation -> diarrhea, coughing, death in 4-7d, recovered sows abort, congenital tremor
CS of chronic swine fever
dull, unthrifty (stunted growth with PI), variable cough, diarrhea, emaciation, joint swellngs, necrotic ulceration of skin
What are some DDx for the swine fevers? (7)
Bacterial septicemia (blotching of skin) PCV2 AD Thrombocytopenia Warfarin poisoning (hemorrhaging) Nervous conditions Erysipelas Porcine stress syndrome
PM findings for african swine fever
Hemorrhagic LN, hemorrhagic kidneys, petechial hemorhhages, blotching of skin (starts off small and then coalesce)
PM findings for classical swine fever
Button ulcers! (intestnes - dont really occur anywhere else, with any other disease)
hemorrhage of abdminal viscera, bladder, intestines, skin
Diagnosis of swine fevers?
Virus isolation - confirm
PCR - for subsequent cases
Serology - Serum neutralization test (come back in 24 hours - not definitive, but helps suggest)
Under EU legislation, when suspected notifiable disease - a protection zone and surveillance zone are made around the perimeter of infected premises - how wide are these zones (radius)?
Protection zone - 3km radius from infected premises
Surveillance zone - 10km min radius
What is the principle means of control of exotic notifiable disease?
Slaughter of susceptible animals on infected premises and those ID as dangerous contacts
After a farm has been cleansed and disinfected following infection w/ notifiable disease - what can you do before putting a whole bunch of new pigs?
Put in sentinel pigs - a few.
monitor and see if they come down with disease - if they don’t, you can restock the farm.
What is the 20 day rule?
Movement of pigs by license only!
No movement OFF for >20 days after movement ON
[most notifiable diseases will start to appear w/in 20 days]
(except if to slaughter, or excemption license from DVM)
CS of Aujeszky’s virus?
inappetence, fever, lethargy fertility problems nervous signs respiratory signs No signs are pathognomonic
notifiable (but not worldwide), free in GB
Transmission of aujeszky’s disease?
Oro-nasal route Aerosol up to 5km (wind) Semen and AI Transplacental Carrier pigs (7-14d excretion after clinical recovery) Slurry/buildings Wild boar
why is anthrax rare in pigs?
They have some resistance
What are the three forms of anthrax in pigs?
Pharyngeal, intestinal, septicemic
Ddx for anthrax?
any disease causing sudden death (ex- acute swine fever)
Erysipelas Clostridia Salmonella Hyperthermia Poisons
Dx of anthrax?
Report to AHVLA Blood smear from superficial vessel Smears from swab of cervical eema Also from associated Ln Polychrome methylene blue
= pink stained rods w/ surrounding clear capsule and spores
