Pig And Poultry Flashcards
What is a parasite of outdoor pigs that Is called the red stomach worm? What type of worm is it? What clinical signs can they cause?
Hyostrongylus rubidus
Trichostrongyle
Ulceration, stomach perforation, hemorrhage, anemia, decreased milk yield and fertility
What is the big white large round worm of the pig small intestine that is the parasite of grower pigs?
Ascaris suum
What is the lifecycle of Ascaris suum?
Larval development occurs entirely within the egg
Hepatotracheal migration
Eggs pass in feces
What does A. suum cause to the liver? What about the lungs?
Liver - milk-spots
Lungs - heaves or thumps (emphysema)
Are A. suum adult worms zoonotic? How is it diagnosed? What is the treatment?
Yes they are
Eggs in feces, milk spots in liver at meat inspection
Benzimidazoles, ML
What parasite of the small intestine and muscle of pigs is food borne transmission only (no fecal or environmental stage)? What type of life cycle?
Trichinella
Direct life cycle (adult nematodes in the small intestine of the host, L1 which is a first stage larvae in muscle of same host)
Diagnosis and clinical signs of Trichinella in people and animals?
People: adults in the small intestine cause diarrhea, larvae in the muscle can be fatal causing myalgia, fever, periorbital oedema, myocarditis. Serology, muscle biopsy, ECG
Animals: usually diagnosed post mortem in food animals. Detect antibodies in sera or meat juice, artificial digest of muscle
Trichinella larvae are not shed in feces!!
Is Trichinella a reportable disease?
Yes it is
What is the pathogen of nursing piglets? What does it cause? Is it zoonotic? Where do the adult females live?
Strongyloides ransomi/suis
Catarrhal enteritis, dysentery, anemia (75% mortality)
Not zoonotic
Small intestine
What parasite of pigs is a nodular worm? What stage encyst in nodules in large intestine? What effects does it cause in piglets, finishing pigs, and sows? What is the treatment?
Oesophagostomum
L4
Piglets: diarrhea, weight loss, anorexia
Finishing pigs: reduces weight gain
Sows: reduced litter sizes and milk production
ML treatment
What is the whip worm of pigs in the large intestine? Where does it do well? What is the life cycle?
Trichuris suis
Grower barn (indoors)
L1 develops inside egg, infective, simple mucosal migration
What are the clinical effects of Trichuris suis? What is the differential? What is it treated with? Is it zoonotic?
Anorexia, poor weight gain, large bowel diarrhea, hypoalbuminemia/anemia
Swine dysentery caused by brachyspira
Tx with benzimidazoles
Zoonotic but natural transmission is rare and doesn’t usually fully develop in people
What parasite of pigs have an earthworm as the intermediate host? What does it cause in young outdoor pigs? What do you treat with?
Metastrongylus (pig lungworm)
Verminous bronchopneumonia
Tx with benzimidazoles, ML if needed
What is the pork tapeworm? Is it in Canada and is it reportable? What is the DH and IHs? What does it cause? Are the eggs immediately infective and resistant?
Taenia solium
not in Canada, CFIA reportable disease
Humans DH, swine IH, people can be IH
Neurocysticercosis and epilepsy
Yes they are
What does Sarcoptes scabiei suis cause? How is it diagnosed? What is the treatment? Can people get it?
Thick scabs and crusts, highly pruritic, major production losses
Dx deep skin scrapings
Tx is 2 doses of parenteral ML
Causes transient infestation in people
What type of louse is Haematopinus suis? When do outbreaks typically occur? What does it cause? What is the Tx? Who should you treat?
Sucking louse
In winter
Tx topical organophosphate or ML
Treat all animals on premise
What is the difference between Eimeria sporulated oocyst and isospora sporulated oocyst?
Eimeria - 4 sporocysts each containing 2 sporozoites (8 sporozoites)
Isospora - 2 sporocysts each containing 4 sporozoites (8 sporozoites)
What capillaria species is direct in the crop and small intestine? What about indirect life cycles with earthworm IH, what is the infective stage?
C. contorta- direct
C. annulata - indirect, infective stage L1 in egg
Where are Ascaridia galli found? What is the life cycle? What is the infective stage? What can it cause? What is the treatment?
Small intestine
Direct life cycle
Infective stage in L3 in egg
Haemorrhagic enteritis, intestinal obstruction, viable or calcified parasites may be found in the albumin of hens eggs
Tx piperzine
Where is Heterakis gallinarum found? What is the infective stage? What is the significance?
Caecum
Infective stage is L3 in egg
Egg acts as a shelter for Protozoa, Histomonas meleagridis causative agent for black head or entero hepatitis in turkeys
What nematode is known as the gapeworm? Where are the adults found? What is the infective stage? How is it diagnosed?
Syngamus trachea - adults in the trachea (form a Y) blood feed
Infective stage is L3
Dx eggs in feces, necropsy
What is the dwarf tapeworm of poultry? What is the IH? What is the treatment?
Davainea proglottina
Slug or snail (cystercoids)
Praziquantel or benzimidazoles
What causes salphingitis with fatal peritonitis in poultry? What are the 2 IHs?
Prosthogonimus macrorchis - oviduct fluke
Snail and dragonfly niads
What are the 3 types of burrowing mites?
Cnemidocoptes (also Knemidocoptes)
C. Mutans- scaly leg
C. gallinae - de-pluming itch
C. Pilate - beak rot
