Piemonte Flashcards
What is the location of Piemonte p54
Most Northwest Italy
Piemonte is only smaller than which region p54
Sicily
What was the importance of Piemonte in the history of Italy p54
Leading role in the unification of Italy in the 19th century
How many different and unique grapes are there in Piemonte p54
More 20 different and unique grapes
Where are vineyards located in Piemonte p54
Mainly planted on hillsides
What is the size of land covered by vineyards in Piemonte p54
More than 45.000ha
How many DOCG are there in Piemonte p54
17 DOCGs
How many DOCs are there in Piemonte p54
42 DOCs
How many IGT are there in Piemonte p54
No IGT in Piemonte
Why does Piemonte stand out as a superior wine growing region p54
Only DOCGs and DOCs
What is the characteristic of the appellations of Piemonte as far as plant density p54
Some of the lowest average yields in Italy
What was the importance of Piemonte related to single vineyards p54
First region in Italy to highlight the importance of single vineyards
With which other region does Piemonte compete in terms of wine awards p54
Tuscany
Which grapes other than Nebbiolo have been put effort in for last decades in Piemonte p54
Barbera and Dolcetto
Which grapes other than Nebbiolo, Barbera and Dolcetto are important in Piemonte p59
Freisa, Brachetto, Grignolino and Ruchè
Is Piemonte considered a red or white wine country p54
Red wine
What is Piemonte’s approach to wine production p54
Conservative and traditional
Are there many international grape varieties in Piemonte p54
Insignificant presence of International grapes
Who were the first people to inhabit the Piemonte Region p55
Taurini and Salassi tribes
What was the importance of the Taurini and Salassi tribes in Piemonte p55
Cultivated grapevine in Piemonte
From whom the Taurini and Salassi have learned skills of grapevine cultivation p55
Etruscans
What was the importance of Celtic tribes in Piemonte p55
Merged with Taurini and Salassi and stood resistance to Rome
What are the main cities founded by the Romans in Piemonte p55
Ivrea, Asti, Alba, Novara and Vercelli
When did the Romans conquer Piemonte from the Celtics p55
Circa 100 BC
What happened with the arrival of the Lombards in te 6th century in Piemonte p55
Divided the region in duchies and counties
What happened with the conquer of the Lombards by the Charlemagne p55
Piemonte territory was incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire
What was the importance of the Catholic Monks for the viticulture in Piemonte p55
Viticulture has flourished with the Catholic monks
Which cities and/or areas were most important during the middle ages for the viticulture in Piemonte p55
Asti (prestigious wine) and Monferrato (production centre)
When did politcal entities begin to regulate vineyards and harvest p55
Middle ages
When did nebbiolo and Moscato began to appear in official documents p56
Middle ages
Who did move the capital of house of Savoy to Torino p56
Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy
When did the House of Savoy acquire and found the King of Sardegna p56
18th century
When did the House of Savoy recovered the King of Sardegna after Napoleon’s defeat p56
In 1815
What happened under the leadership of Prime Minister of the King of sardegna Cavour p56
The Risorgimento movement
What was the result of the risorgimento movement p56
Unification of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861
When did institutions of enology, winemaking and grapevine appeared in Piemonte p56
In the second half of 19th century
What was the main crises in the viticulture sector in the 19th century p57
Oidium, Phylloxera and Downy mildew
When did the wine sector start to recover after world war II p57
1970s and 1980s
What is the meaning of the name Piemonte p57
Foot of the mountain
Which Southern mountain does surround Piemonte p57
Ligurian Apennines and Matitime Alps
Which Western and Northern mountains does surround Piemonte p57
The French Alps in the West and The Alps border of Valle D’Aosta and Switzerland in the North
What is the topography characteristic of Piemonte p57
Three concentrical rings
What is the external topographical rim consisted of p57
Alpine-Apenine mountain range
What is the middle topographical band consist of
Hilly zone
What is the percentage of Mountain in Piemonte p57
43%
What are the highest massifs in the Alps in the region p57
Gran Paradiso and Monte Rosa
What is the largest lake in Piemonte region p57
Lake Maggiore in the border with Lombardia
What is the percentage of hills in Piemonte p58
30%
What is the average altitude where vineyards are planted in the hills of Piemonte
150-400m
What is the mountain cluster in the provinces of Asti and Alessandria
Monferrato
What are the main hill clusters in the province of Cuneo p58
Langue and Roero
What is the percentage of flat plain in Piemonte
27%
Why is the plain area not considered good for wine growing in Piemonte
Too flat and too fertile
What is the most important river in Piemonte
Po river
What is the predominant climate in Piemonte
Continental
What measures are taken mainly in Langhe and Monferrato to avoid Hail stones p58
Hail connons are used to disrupt hail stones
What is the average annual temperature in most of winegroing districts in Piemonte p59
12 C
What does make temperature increase along side of the Ligurian border
The influence of the Ligurian sea
Wha is the rainfall regime in Piemonte p59
Limited due to the rain shadow effect by the Alps and Apenines
What are the most widely planted grape varietals in Piemonte p59
Barbera, Moscato Bianco, Dolcetto and Nebbiolo
What is the percentage of red grapes in Piemonte p59
Two thirds
What is the most widely planted grape variety in Piemonte p59
Barbera
Which areas are most known for Barbera grapes in Piemonte p59
Provinces of Asti and Alessandria
Which areas is Dolcetto grape mainly found p59
Langhe, Southern hills of Monferrato, Aqui terme, Ovada and Tortona
What is the percentage of Nebbiolo grape in Piemonte p59
Less than 10%
Where are Nebbiolo based wine more prestigious in Piemonte p59
Barolo and Barbaresco appellations
Which areas other than Barolo and Barbaresco have Nebbiolo as primary variety in Piemonte p59
Langhe Nebbiolo, Nebbiolo D’alba, Roero, Gattinara, Ghemme and Carema
What is the second most widely planted variety in Piemonte p59
Moscato Bianco
Why is Moscato Bianco widely planted in Piemonte p59
Because of the popularity of Asti DOCG
What are the other main white grapes in Piemone p59
Cortese, Arneis, Erbaluce, Timorasso and Favorita (Vermentino)
What is the main international grape in Piemonte p60
Chardonnay (for sparkling wine)
Why did Barbera grape gain ground after phylloxera p60
Because its productivity and versatility
What are the main characteristics of Barbera wines p60
High acidity with deep color, fruity and low tannin
Why do wine growers like Dolcetto p61
Ripens earlier than Nebbiolo and Barbera and on cooler and higher sites. Early release is a source of income
What are the main characteristics of Dolcetto p61
Deep in color with black fruit aromas (ripe plum). Soft and round with low acid
Which grape variety is considered by many to be Italy’s most noble p61
Nebbiolo
When has Nebbiolo been first mentioned p61
13th century
What is the origin of the name Nebbiolo p61
Nebbia (Fog)
Why is Nebbiolo considered a challenging grape to grow p61
It is highly site sensitive behaving differently depending where it is grown
What is the main appearance characteristics of Nebbiolo based wines p61
Pale ruby-garnet in color turning orange with bottle age
What are the main perceived aromas of Nebbiolo based wines p61
Red cherry, rose, violet, tar and licorice
What do Nebbiolo based wines develop with maturity p61
Greater complexity, dried red fruit, withered rose petals, sweet spices, leather and truffles
How is the acidity, tannin and alcohol in Nebbiolo based wines p61
High level of acidity, tannin and alcohol
What are the four most significant Nebbiolo clones p61
Lampia (principal clone), Michet, Bolla, rosé
Where is Freisa grapes largely found in Piemonte p61
Near Asti and Torino
What are the characteristics of Freisa based wines p62
light-colored with high tannin and acidity with wild strawberries and raspberry
Which wine style do Freisa grapes produce p62
Dry or sweet, still, Frizzante and Spumante
What is the origin of the grape name Grignolino p62
Contains a high number of pips (Grignolino)
What are the characteristics of Grignolino based wines p62
Pale red (almost pink), flowers, red berry, pepper and herbs with high in tannin and acid
Where is Brachetto grapes mainly found p62
In the town of Acqui Terme in the province of Alessandria
What are the characteristics of Brachetto based wine p62
Aromatic red variety with best expression in sweet and sparkling wine, flora, strawberries and raspberry
Why is Pelaverga Piccolo grapes is also called Pelaverga di Verduno p62
It is only found around the town of Verduno in Langue
Where is Ruchè grapes mainly found
In the town of Castagnole in the Province of Asti
What are the characteristics of Pelaverga di Verduno based wines p62
Light , fruity and spicy with refreshing acidity
What are the characteristics of Ruchè di Castagnole based wines p62
Aromatic with aromas of rose, red fruit and spice
What is the most widely planted white grape in Piemonte p62
Moscato Bianco (Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains)
Which famous wine is produced with Moscato Bianco p62
Asti Spumante and dry Superior Moscato d’Asti
What are the characteristics of Moscato Bianco based wines p62
Floral and fruity aromas with honey, musk and spice notes
Where does Cortese usually come from p63
Gavi in the province of Alessandria
What are the viticulture characteristics of Cortese grapes p62
Very productive and requires restricted yields to balance its high acidity, body and fruit
Where is Arneis grapes native to p63
Roero hills
Who did save Arneis from extinction in the 1960s p63
Vietti and Bruno Giacosa
Where does the name Arneis come from p63
Arneis means difficult personality in the local dialect
Where is Erbaluce di Caluso grapes native to p63
Caluso town and Canavese district
Which type of wine is made with Erbaluce p63
Passitos
Where is Timorasso grapes most found in Piemonte p63
Tortona hills
Who did put Erbaluce grape back on the map in the 1980s after having nearly disapeared p63
Walter Massa
What is the percentage total production of red wine in Piemonte p64
More than 60%
What is the percentage of either DOC or DOCG wine production in Piemonte p64
Almost 90%
Where are vineyard largely concentrated in Piemonte p64
More than 80% from the Southern and Eastern part of the region
What are the two most important centers for wine production in Piemonte p64
Asti and Alba
What is the main profile of producers in Piemonte p64
Small producers (family estates with average 1-2ha each
Who did create Vermouth wine in 1786 in Torino p64
Antonio Benedetto Carpano
What are the four major sub-regions of Piemonte p66
Northern Piemonte, Western Piemonte or Torino Hills; Alba; Monferrato
What is the traditional sub-region for Nebbiolo p66
Alba
What are the two main Provinces in the Northern Piemonte Sub-regions
Novara and Vercelli
What are the main grape varieties used in the Sub-region Northern Piemonte p66
Nebbiolo (red) and Erbaluce (white)
How is the Sub Region Northern Piemonte often referred to p66
Alto Piemonte
How is Nebbiolo also called in Northern Piemonte sub-region p66
Spanna
What percentage of the Piemonte total production is produced in the sub-region Northern Piemonte p66
About 5% of the total production
What are the two wine district in the Northern Piemonte sub-region p66
Novara and Vercelli Hills and Canavese
What are the main DOCGs in Novara and Vercelli Hills p66
Gattinara in Vercelii and Ghemme in Novara
How many appellations are there in Novara and Vercelli Hills wine district p67
Seven appellations being two DOCGs
Which river does divide Vercelli province and Novara province in Northern Piemonte p66
Sesia river
What are the other two AOCs besides Grattinara DOCG in Vercelli p67
Bramaterra and Lessona
What are the other three AOCs besides Ghemme DOCG in Novara p67
Boca, Sizzano and Fara
What is the large AOC in the west Sesia River p67
Coste de La Sesia
What is the large AOC in east Sesia River p67
Colline Novaresi
What is the mais characteristic of the climate in Northern Piemonte sub-region p67
Mild and humid in the Po plain to south
What is the influence of Lake Maggiore in Northern Piemonte sub-region p67
Moderate the climate
What is the basic difference between Nebbiolo from North to south p67
More acid in the north because of the climate
What is the main challenge of growing Nebbiollo in Northern Piemonte p67
Late ripening in cool and high site is difficult to reach full ripeness
Which native grape is used to blend with Nebbiolo in Northern Piemonte p67
Vespolina, Croatina, Uva Rara (locally called Bonarda)
What is main training system in Norther Piemonte p67
Traditionally Pergola but now majority is Guyot system
What is the best and longest-lived expression of Nebbiolo in Northern Piemonte p67
Gattinara DOCG
When was Gattinara DOC elevated to DOCG p68
1990
What is the area of vineyards in Gattinara p68
Just 100ha
What is the minimum content of Nebbiolo grapes in Gattinara p68
90%
What are the other two grapes allowed to blend with Nebbiolo in Gattinara DOCG p69
Vespolina (max 4%) and Uva Rara
What is the minimum period of ageing time in Gattinara p69
35 months being 24 months in oak.
What is the minimum period of ageing time in Gattinara RISERVA p69
47 months being 36 months in oak
What is the longest bottle ageing wine in Northern Piemonte sub-region p69
Gattinara DOCG
What does make Gattinara DOCG be a long-lived wine p69
High tannin and acid levels
What is the difference between Nebbiolo from Gattinara and Langhe area p69
Higher acidity and lighter color and body
What is the typical profile of Nebbiolo from Gattinara p69
Violet, bright red berry fruit, tar, spices, forest floor and leather
Where is Ghemme DOCG located p69rqrq
Novara Province
When did Ghemme start recovering reputation by quality p69
After DOCG status in 1997
Which side of Sesia River is Ghemme DOCG located p69
East side of Sesia River
How big is the area under vine in Ghemme DOCG p69
50ha
What is legal requirement for altitude in Ghemme DOCG p69
220-400m asl
What is minimum percentage of Nebbiolo in DOCG p69
85%
What are the partner grapes to Nebbiolo in Ghemme DOCG p69
Vespolina and/or Uva Rara
What is the ageing required time for Ghemme DOCG p69
34 months being 18 in oak
What is the ageing required time for Ghemme DOCG RESERVA
46 months being 24 in oak
What is the difference of Ghemme Nebbiolo base wine and Nebbiolo from south p69
Higher Acidity and Tannin, lighter color and body
What is the profile of Nebbiolo base wine in Ghemme DOCG p69
Violet, bright red berry fruit, Tar, spices, Forest floor and leather
What is the profile difference between Ghemme and Gattinara DOCG p69
Ghemme is more austere and sturdy
Where is Canavese wine district located p71
Just south of Vall d’Aosta and west of the Vercelli hills
What is the main town in Canavese p71
Ivrea
Which river does bisect the Canavese wine district p71
Dora Baltea River
What is the most famous white wine in Canavese p71
Erbaluce passito from Caluso
What is the the famous Nebbiolo based wint in Carema DOC p71
Vino di Montagna
Where is Carema DOC located p71
Right on the border with Valle d’Aosta
How does the climate at Carema DOC look like p71
Looks like Valle d’Aosta rather than the rest of Piemonte
How does the soil consist of in Carema DOC p71
Glacial deposits over a sub-soil of metamorphic schist
What is the average altitude in Carema DOC p71
300-700m asl
Where are the vineyards normally planted in Carema DOC p71
On terraces craved out of the rocky and precipitous slopes of Mount Maletto
What is the traditional training system in Carema DOC p71
Pergola system (Topia)
What is grown along side the wine canopy in Carema DOC p71
Chestnuts
What is the minimum content of Nebbiolo in Carema DOC p72
85%
How many years must wines in Carema DOC age p72
two years being one year in oak
How many years must RISERVA wines in Carema DOC age p72
Three years being one year in oak
What is the characteristic of Carema DOC Nebbiolo based wine p72
Delicate perfume of rose and violet, high acidity, light body and mineral character
Where is Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG located p72
South of Carema in Canavese district
What is the characteristic of the soil of Erbaluce di Caluso between Ivrea and village of Caluso p72
Glacial moraine
What the most important lakes at Erbaluce di Caruso DOCG p72
Lake Candia and Lake Viverone
What is the percentage of Erbaluce in Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG p72
100% Erbaluce
What is the traditional training system at Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG p72
Pergola system
Who is the acidity level of erbaluce di Caluso DOCG p72
High level of acidity
How is the Passito made of at Erbaluce di Caluso p72
Air dried grapes
What is the TRADITIONAL characteristics of Passito Erbaluce di DOCG p72
Amber in color, slightly oxidized and complex
What is the MODERN characteristics of Passito Erbaluce di DOCG p72
Golden color, more delicate and fruity
How long must Passito Erbaluce di Caluso age p72
Three years (Four years for Riserva)
What are the most important hills in Alba sub region p74
Langhe and Roero hills
In which province is Alba located p74
Cuneo Province
What is the river which separates Langhe Hills and Roero Hillls p74
Tanaro River
From where the Tanaro river does flow p74
Flows north from western Liguria Apenines to Po River
In which bank of Tanaro river are Roero hills located p74
Left bank (north bank)
In which bank of Tanaro river are Langhe hills located p74
Right bank (south bank)
What is the topography of Roero hills p74
Low-rising and steeply sloped
What is the topography of Langhe hills p74
Higher in elevation with more gradual slopes
Where is Alba city considered to be located p74
Langhe
why is Alba important as far as history and viticulture is concerned p74
Because of the number of communes and appellations
What does make Alba culinary renowned for p74
Hazelnuts, truffles and chocalates (land of Nutella)
How is the climate in Alba sub region p75
Moderately continental. Cold wineter and warm dry summers
What can cause significant vintage variation in Alba sub-region p75
Summer rainstorm and hail can affect the last stage of ripening process.
How does a generally foggy and mild autumns impact in Alba sub-region p75
Extension of growing season well into october
How does the rainfall look like in Alba sub-region p75
Around 500-800mm and is higher in the south than in the north
What is the characteristics of Langhe Hills soil p75
Calcareous marls (terre bianche) formed 15 million years ago
What is the characteristics of Roero Hills soil p75
Softer, sandier and marine fossils formed some 5 million years ago
What is the common problem in the soil both in Langhe and Roero hills p75
Erosion because few pebbles and stones
What are the training systems in Alba sub-regions p75
Guyot and cordon spur-pruning training systems
How many appellations are there in Langhe and Roero p75
12
What are the classical grapes in Langhe and Roero p75
Nebbiolo, Barbera and Dolcetto
What is believed to be referred to the word LANGHE p76
Tongues (of land)
How is Langhe commonly called in local dialect p76
Langa
Langhe is home for which grape varietal p76
Nebbiolo
Which are the other grapes rather than Nebbiolo in Langhe p76
Barbera, Dolcetto and Moscato Bianco
Which international wine region is compared with Piomente p76
Burgundy
What main characteristics in Piemonte can be paralleled with Burgundy
-Importance to the village origin, -Single vineyards wines -Estate bottling
How are vineyards normally planted in Piemonte as well as in Burgundy p76
Tiny parcel and multiple owners
What is the average size of properties in Langhe p76
2ha
What are the three main natural influence in Langhe as it is in Burgundy p76
Altitude, Exposure and Soil (Terroir)
How is Langhe generally divided (geographically) p76
Alta Langa (High Langhe) and Bassa Langhe (Lower Langhe)
Which town is considered to be the point of separation between higher and lower Langhe p76
The town of Monforte d’Alba
How is the temperature in south of Monforte d’Alba p76
Cooler than in North Langhe
What is the influence of River Tanaro for Langhe p76
Moderate the climate and ventilation through the valley in summer and mist in autumn ensure slow ripening
What are the other grapes in Langhe apart from the traditional four grapes p76
Pelaverga, Freisa, Favorita (Vermentino) and Nascetta
In which areas each of the three red grapes normally planted in Langhe hills p76
Nebbiolo: middle south facing slopes, Dolcetto: higher and cooler sites Barbera on the south, east and west
Who were the most important persons for Barolo wines in the mid 1800 p77
Giulia Falleti (Marquise di Barolo) and Camillo Benso (Count of Cavour)
What did the Count of Cavour Camillo Benso do for Barolo p77
Created a dry-style Barolo
Which Italian enologist did work with Camillo Benso to create the dry-style Barolo p77
Paolo Francesco Staglieno
What did Giulia Falleti (Marquise di Barolo do for Barolo p77
Produced dry-style Barolo and introduced these wines to the aristocratic circles of Torino
How did Barolo become known with the introduction to aristocratic circles of Torino by Marquise di Barolo p77
King of wines and wine of kings
Where is Barolo DOCG located p77
Northwestern part of Langhe on the right bank of Tanaro River
What is the percentage of Nebbiolo grape in Barolo DOCG p77
100%
How many towns does form Barolo DOCG p77
11 towns (hills surrounding the towns)
What are the most important villages in Barolo DOCG p78
La Morra; Barolo; Castiglione Falleto; Monforte d’Alba and Serralunga d’Alba
What is the percentage of Barolo produced in the five most important villages in Barolo DOCG p78
90%
Where is Nebbiolo generally planted in Barolo DOCG p78
Most in mid-slope
What are the typical soils in Barolo DOCG p78
Tortonian soil and Helvetian/Serravallian soil
What is the formation of Tortonian soil p78
Calcareous Marls more fertile and compact
What is the wine style in teh Tortonian type of soil p78
More perfumed, elegant, fruitier and softer maturing rapididly
Which of the five most important villages are located on Tortonian type of soil p78
La Morra and Barolo
What is the formation of Helvetian/Serravallian soil p78
sandstone and sand, poorer, less compact and less fertile
What is the wine style in the Helvetian/Serrallian type of soil p78
More power and depth; fuller in body, more robust and structured and need more time in the bottle
Which of the five most important villages are located on Helvetian/Serravallian type of soil p78
Monforte d’Alba, Serralunga d’Alba and part of Castiglione Falleto
Traditionally speaking Barolo was a blend or single vineyards p78
Blend of different vineyards and/or different communes
How did Barolo become more frequently produced after estate bottling turned to be widespread in the 1060-70s p78
Single-vineyards
What does MGA stand for p79
Menzione Geografiche Aggiuntive (Addtional Geographic Designations)
Does MGA represent designation in the quality piramid p79
No
How many MGA does exist in Barolo DOCG p79
181 MGAs
What are the most well known MGAs in Barolo DOCG p79
Bussia, Canubi, Cerequio, Rocche dell’Annunziata, Brunate, Monptivato, Ginestra, Francia, Sarmassa, Vigna Rionda
What is the traditional winemaking style in Barolo DOCG p79
- Long maceration (up to two months) - Extended ageing - neutral casks (Botti) Slavonian oak or Chestnut
What is the Barolo wine style with the traditional winemaking method p79
Austere and tannic when young. Approachable only after additional bottle ageing
What is the modern Barolo winemaking style in Barolo DOCG p79
Fruit-driven and approachable upon release
What is the Barolo wine style with the modern winemaking method p79
Softer tannins, more concentration and noticeably more oak
How was the young generation of Barolo producers called because of the modern style p79
Barolo boys
What is the ageing time for Barolo DOCG (and for Riserva) p80
38/18 and 62/18 for Riserva
What is Barolo Chinato p80
Rare aromatic and fortified wine made of base wine made of Barolo
What is the other prestigious appellation based on Nebbiolo besides Barolo p80
Barbaresco
Who did introduce the name Barbaresco p80
Domizio Cavazza
What did Domizio Cavazza do
Acquired Castle of Barbaresco including surrounding vineyards and founded the cooperative Produttori del Barbaresco
Who did transformed Barbaresco wine to a world-class wine p80
Angelo Gaja
Who did work together with Angelo Gaja to demonstrate Barbaresco real potential in 1950-60s p80
Bruno Giacosa
Where is Barbaresco DOCG located p80
The right bank of Tanaro River east and northeast of Alba
What is the percentage of Nebbiolo grape in Barbaresco DOCG p80
100%
What are the main three communes of Barbaresco DOCG p80
Barbaresco; Neive and Treiso
Hills of Barbaresco are higher or lower than in Barolo p81
Lower (50m asl)
What is the charateristics of Barbaresco soil p81
Tortonian soil (calcareous marls similar to soil in the western part of Barolo, but with layers of sand
What is the influence of the fact that Barbaresco is closer to the Tanaro River than Barolo p81
It is slightly warmer and therefore ripen earlier and more consistent than Barolo
What is the main difference in the soil of Barbaresco compared with Barolo soils p81
It is more homogeneous and therefore less variation among different areas of the appellation
What is the ageing time for Barbaresco DOCG (and for Riserva) p80
26/9 and 50/9 for Riserva
What is the historic style of Barbaresco p81
Lighter, less alcohol and less structured than Barolo (this is simple generalisation)
How many MGA is there in Barabaresco DOCG p81
66 MGA
What are the most well known MGAs in Barbaresco DOCG p81
Rabajà; Ovello; Pora; Basarin; Asili; Montefico; Montestefano; Gallina; Pajorè; Tildin; San Lorenzoand Martinenga
Which Appellattion did first use MGA Barbaresco or Barolo p81
Barbaresco (2007)
What is the traditional winemaking style in Barbaresco DOCG p82
- Long maceration (up to two months) - Extended ageing - neutral casks (Botti)
Who did change the traditional style of Barbaresco wine in the 1970s and how
Angelo Gaja adopted shorter maceration periods and shorter ageing (in new, small French oak barrels
If Barolo is considered King of wines how can Barbaresco be considered p80
Queen of wines (more elegant and refined)
What is the size of Barbaresco compared with Barolo p82
Barolo is 3 times bigger than Barbaresco (both area and volume (13 million bottles vs 4)
How many Dolcetto-based Appellation are there in Langhe p83
Three appellation
How Dolcetto based wine is generally hierarchically considered in Langhe p83
First step when climbing up the Langhe wine ladder
What are the characteristics of Dolcetto based wine in terms of winemaking compared with Barolo and Barbaresco p83
Ripens first. First to be released and Earliest to mature
Where is Dogliani DOCG located p83
Middle of the western Langhe right bank of Tanaro River
Which commune is considered the capital of Dolcetto p83
Dogliani
How was Dogliani DOCG previously called p83
Dolcetto di Dogliani DOCG
How is the soil in Dogliani DOCG p83
Layers of sandstone interspersed with marls
What is the percentage of Dolcetto in Dogliani p84
100%
How long should Dogliani Superiore age p84
At least on year
Where is Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG located p84
South of Alba and east of Barolo
What is the percentage of Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba p84
100%
How is the soil in Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba DOCG p84
Whitish sandstone
How many MGA is there in Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba
76 MGAs
How long should Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba Superiore age p84
At least 10 months
Dolcetto d’Alba DOCG is in which side of Tanaro River p85
Right side
Areas of Barolo and Barbaresco are included in Docetto d’Alba DOC area? p85
yes
How is the soil in Dolcetto d’Alba p85
Calcareous marl, sandstone and sand (typical of lower Langhe)
What are the characteristics of the two specific areas of Dolcetto d’Alba DOC p85
More structured within area of barolo and Barbaresco and lighter and mora elegant at east of Alba towards Belbo Valley
What is the minimum percentage of Dolcetto grape in Dolcetto d’Alba DOC p85
100%
What is the ageing time for Dolcetto d’Alba Superiore DOC p85
At least 1 year
Where is Barbera d’Alba located p85
Both sides of Tanaro River
What is the characteristics of the soil in Barbera d’Alba DOC p85
Calcareous Marls, Sendstone and sand (Typical of Lower Langhe)
What is the minimum percentage of Barbera grape in Barbera d’Alba DOC p86
85%
Which grape can be partner of Barbera in Barbera d’Alba DOC p86
Nebbiolo up to 15%
What is the minimu ageing time for Barbera d’Alba Superiore DOC p86
12 months being 4 in oak
What does the term BAROLEGGIA mean for Barbera d’Alba DOC p86
Develops similar flvor profile of Barolo with bottle ageing
Which wine district are included in Langhe DOC p86
District of Langhe and Roero
What producers usually use Langhe DOC for p86
Use this DOC to classify their wines that does not fit more strigent requirements of DOC/G in that area
What are the most important native grapes found in Langhe DOC p87
Nebbiolo, Barbera, Dolcetto and Arneis
Which other piemontese grapes are found in Langhe DOC p87
Favorita (Vermentino), Freisa and Nascetta
What is the minimum percentage of grape for varietal wines in Langhe DOC p87
85%
When Barolo and Barbaresco producers use Langhe Nebbiolo DOC for their wines p87
when they want to make Nebbiolo-based wines under less restrictive rules
What is the important sub region in Langhe DOC p87
Nascetta del Comune di Novello
Where is Nascetta grape grown p87
Commune of Novello
Where is red Pelaverga grape grown p88
Commune of Verduno in northen part of Barolo
What is the minimun percentage of Pelaverga varietal wines p88
85%
What is the specific appellation for traditional method aprkling wine in Southern Piemonte p88
Alta Langa DOCG
Which grapes are used in teh production of Alta Langa DOCG p88
Chardonnay and Pinot Nero (90-100%)
What is the minimum required time for Alta Langa DOCG on lees p88
30months and 36 months for Riserva
Do Alta Langa DOCG need to be vintage dated p88
yes
Where is Roero Hills located p88
Left bank of Tanaro River
What is the most important town in Roero p88
Canale
Where does the name Roero come from p88
From the family Roero who rulled the are for centuries in the middle ages
How rocky cliffs are called in Roero p88
Rocche
How is Roero hills compared with Langhe Hills p88
Lower in altitude and steeper
How is the soil in Roero p89
sand, sanstone and marl
What are the mains grapes grown in Roero DOCG p89
Nebbiolo and Arneis
What is them inimum percentage of Nebbiolo in Roero DOCG p90
95%
What is the ageing time for Roero DOCG and riserva p90
20 months 6 in oak and 32 months 6 in oak for riserva
What is the percentage of Arneis in Roero Arneis DOCG p90
95%
What are the three mais areas in Monferrato hills p91
Basso Monferrato
Monferrato Astigiano
Alto Monferrato
Monferrato is historically home for which grapes p91
Barbera, Grignolino and Cortese
How is the climate in Monferrato p91
Continental cold winter and hot dry summer
What are the three principal types of soil in Monferrato p91
Terre Bianche
Sabbie Astigiane (Asti sand)
Terre Rosse
How is Terre Bianche soil in Monferrato p91
Sand, Sandstone and whitish calcareous marls
How is the soil in Sabbie Asti (Asti sand) in Monferrato p91
Sand (poor water retention)
How is the Terre Rosse soil in monferrato p91
Deep, higher clay content and rich in iron and amgnesium
What is Infernotti (or infernòt) in Monferrato p91
Underground cellars dug in marly-sandstone soils
Barbera d’Asti is the second largest Piomontese appellation after which DOCG p93
Asti DOCG
What is the largest red wine appellation in Piemonte p93
Barbera d’Asti DOCG
How is the soil in the northern part of Barbera d’Asti DOCG p93
Calcareous marls and sabbie astiane
How is the soil in the southern part of Barbera d’Asti DOCG p93
Terre Bianche
Which grape takes priority location in Barbera d’Asti DOCG p93
Barbera
What is the training system in Barbera d’Asti DOCG p93
Guyot or Cordon systems
What is the minimum percentage of Barbera grape in barbera d’Asti DOCG p93
90%
What is ageing time in Barbera d’Asti DOCG p93
4 months - Riserva 14/6 in oak
How is the modern style of Barbera d’Asti DOCG p93
new small oak barrel to add tannin, texture and osk flavors
Why is Barbera considered people wine p94
Easy drinking
Versatility
Ability to complement local cuisine
Which producers transformed the image of Barbera d’Asti in 1980s p94
Braida, Bersano, Coppo, Scarpa, Chiarlo among others
What are the two sub zones of Barbera d’Asti Superiore p94
Tinella and colli Astiani (or Astiano)
Where is Nizza DOCG located p94
Around the town of nizza Monferrato
Nizza was a sub zone of which DOCG p94
Barbera d’Asti Superiore DOCG
What is the percentage of barbera in Nizza DOCG p94
100%
What is the ageing time for Nizza DOCG p94
18/6 and Riserva 30/12 months
Where is the red grape Ruchè found p95
Castagnole Monferrato
Where is Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato located p95
Left bank of Tanaro River
What is the minimum percentage of Ruchè grape in Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato DOCG p95
90%
what are the blending partner grapes in Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato DOCG p95
10% of Barbara or Brachetto
Which wine style is most common in Brachetto d’Acqui (or Acqui) p95
Sweet aromatic sparkling red wine
Where is Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG located p95
Around the town of Acqui Terme
Who made red sparkling wine Brachetto d’Acqui prestigious after 1950s p95
Arturo Bersani
Which style other than sparkling wine is produced in Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG p95
Frizzante and passito
Which method is used for sparkling red wine in Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG p95
Tank method (Martintti method)
What is the minimum percentage of Brachetto in Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG p95
97%
what is the alcohol content in Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG p95
5-6%
What is the traditional and most common style of Freisa d’Asti DOC p95
Off dry frizzante
What is the characteristics of Grignolino d’Asti DOC wines p96
Easy drinking, wine for everyday consumption
What is the minimum percentage grignolino grape in Grignolino d’Asti DOC p96
90%
What is the blending partner for Grignolino d’Asti DOC p96
Maximum 10% of Freisa
What is the characteristics of Asti DOCG and Moscato d’Asti DOCG p96
both are sweet aromatic sparkling wine
What is the grape used in Asti DOCG and Moscato d’Asti DOCG p96
Moscato Bianco
What is the basic difference between Asti DOCG and Moscato d’Asti DOCG p96
Asti DOCG is full sparkling and Mocasto d’Asti DOCG is a lightly fizzy wine
What is the most important town for Asti DOCG p97
Canelli
Who created the sparkling version of Asti in the second half of 19th century p97
Carlo Gancia
How was Asti labeled by Carlo Gancia in his winery in Canelli p97
Moscato Champagne
What is the alcohol content in Asti DOCG p97
7%
Is vintage year required in Asti DOCG p98
No
What is the type of cork used for Asti DOCG p98
Mushroom cork
Is Asti DOCG suposed to be aged p98
No. It should be drunk young
How is the Asti Method p98
One single fermentation that is stopped and restarted at specific poitns. No need of a still dry base wine.
What is the pressure in Asti DOCG p98
5-6 atm
What is the alcohol percentage in Moscato d’Asti DOCG p98
5-5,5%
Which type of cork is used for Moscato d’Asti DOCG p98
Normal cork
What is the pressure in Moscato d’Asti DOCG p98
2,5 atm
What are the three sub zones that can appear on label of Moscato d’Asti DOCG p98
Canelli (largest sub zone)
Santa Vitoria d’Alba (smallest sub zone)
Strevi
Barbera del Monferrato Superiore DOCG produces still wine or frizzante p99
still wine
Barbera del Monferrato is located in which part of Monferrato p99
Basso and Alto monferrato
What is the training system in Barbera del Monferrato DOCG/DOC p101
Most is Guyot
What is the ageing time for Barbera del Monferrato DOCG p101
14/6
What is the percentage of Dolcetto in Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore DOCG p101
100%
What is the percentage of Cortese grape in Gavi DOCG p102
100%
What are the sub zones of Colli Tortonesi DOC p103
Colli Tortonesi MONLEALE
Colli Tortonesi Terre di Libarna
What is the main grape in Colli Tortonesi Monleale p104
Barbera
What is the main grape in Colli Tortonesi Terre di Libarma p104
Timorasso (White)
What is the percentage of Grignolino del Monferrato Casalese DOC p104
90%
