PICU Common Diagnoses

Question 1

pulsus paradoxus

Answer 1

exaggeration of normal inspiratory drop in arterial pressure
normal - 5
pathological - 10

Question 2

Beta agonists - adverse effects

Answer 2

tachycardia
increase QT
hypotension
hypokalemia

Question 3

Ketamine

Answer 3

bronchodilator activity

increases bronchial secretions (give with atropine or glycoporlate)

Question 4

DKA - diagnosis

Answer 4

glucose - 11.1 mmol (200)
ph less than 7.3
bicarb less than 15

Question 5

cerebral edema - often appears in what time frame

Answer 5

4-12 h after treatment is initiated

Question 6

DKA insulin dose

Answer 6

0.1 unit/kg/hr

Question 7

cerebral edema treatment

Answer 7

mannitol and hypertonic fluid

Question 8

types of ECMO

Answer 8

venoarterial, VA
venovenous, VV
both provide resp support
only VA provides hemodynamic support

Question 9

VV ECMO - anatomy

Answer 9

blood extracted from vena cava or right atrium, returned to right atrium

Question 10

VA ECMO - anatomy

Answer 10

blood excreated from right atrium (IJV), returned to arterial system

Question 11

VV ECMO - cannulae

Answer 11

right femoral vein - drainage

right IJ for infusion

Question 12

VA ECMO - cannulae

Answer 12

drainage - inferior vena cava or right atrium

infusion - right femoral artery

Question 13

SIADH - think what

Answer 13

hyponatremia
hypoosmolality
urine osm above 100
Urine Na - above 40

Question 14

ADH - pathophys fxn

Answer 14

increase water reabsorption in kidney’s collecting ducts and DCT