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1internyearprep > Peds Common Stuff!! > Flashcards

Peds Common Stuff!! Flashcards

1
Q

Croup - cause

A

parainfluenza&raquo_space;> RSV

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2
Q

Croup - age

A

6months to 3 years

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3
Q

Croup - symptoms

A

usually follows cold/upper respiratory prodrome

inspiratory stridor and barking cough

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4
Q

Croup - imaging

A

steeple skin

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5
Q

Croup - leukocytosis

A

uncommon, suggests epiglottis or bacterial tracheitis

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6
Q

When is croup unlikely

A

symptoms more than one week

infants less than 4 months

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7
Q

Spasmodic Croup

A

sudden onset of symptoms at night

usually no viral prodrome

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8
Q

Croup treatment

A

dexamethasone or aerolized epinephrine

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9
Q

dexamethasone for croup

A

reduces symptoms

prevent hospitalization or shorten stays

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10
Q

epinephrine for croup

A

reduces epiglottic edema by vasoconstriction
effect within 10-30 min, fades within 60-90 min
can give q20min

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11
Q

Croup, when do you need hospitalization

A

stridor at rest

observe 2-3 h after epi given

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12
Q

Croup Complications

A

viral PNA

Bacterial tracheitis

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13
Q

Cause of Epiglottis

A

GAS
S aureus
Hib if unvaccianted

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14
Q

Epiglottis - symptoms

A

children prefer to sit, head forward, mouth open, jaw thrust forward

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15
Q

Epiglottis - labs

A

thumb sign

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16
Q

Epiglottis treatment

A

antibiotics and endotracheal intubation

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17
Q

Bronchiolitis - overview of disease

A

increased mucuous production
occasional bronchospasm
which can lead to airway obstruction

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18
Q

Bronchiolitis - cause

A

viral LRTI, usually RSV

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19
Q

Bronchiolitis - age

A

first 2 years of life, peak at 2-6months

20
Q

Bronchiolitis - clinical

A

common cold prodrome, 3-7d raspy breathing and wheezing occur

21
Q

Bronchiolitis in young children

A

no prodrome, apnea may be first sign

22
Q

Bronchiolitis - CXR if done would show

A

hyperinflation, flattened diaphragm

23
Q

Bronchiolitis - consider in differential

A

asthma, cardiogenic asthma, foreign body aspiration

24
Q

Bronchiolitis - prevention

A

palivizumab

influenza vaccine

25
Q

Bronchiolitis - complications

A

abnormal pulm fxn, bronchial hyperreactivity that persists

26
Q

Bronchiolitis should improve in …

A

2-5 d

27
Q

Pneumonitis

A

lung inflamm
usually interstitial = acute viral PNA
can be inflamm or fibrosing process

28
Q

PNA in CF pts

A

s aureus in infancy

pseudo and burkholderia when older

29
Q

PNA lab tests

A

WBC

blood cultures if hospitalized

30
Q

PNA + eosinophilia

A

c trachomatis

31
Q

bronchiolitis obliterans

A

adenovirus PNA

small airways replaced by scar tissue resulting in reduced lung volume and compliance

32
Q

Swyer-James syndrome

A

unilateral hyperlucent lung, severe necrotizing PNA linked to adenovirus type 21

33
Q

PNA organisms in neonates

A

GBS
E coli
GN bacilli
S pneumo

34
Q

Neonate PNA - other organisms to consider

A

CMV, HSV, Listeria, Hib

35
Q

Neonate inpatient PNA treatment

A

Amp + Cefotaxime

add anti staph if suspected

36
Q

PNA organisms 1-3 months

A

Febrile: RSV
Afebrile: genital mucosa flora

37
Q

Genital Mucosa Flora

A

Chlmydia, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, CMV

38
Q

PNA treatment, 1-3 months

A

amox or amp if fully immunized OR macrolide

cefotaxime or ceftriaxone

39
Q

PNA organisms 3m-5y

A

RSV
S pneumo
atypicals

40
Q

PNA organisms 5-18 years

A

Mycoplasma
S pneumo
C pneum

41
Q

PNA organisms 18+ years

A

Mycoplasma, Strep, Chlymadia, H flu, viruses

42
Q

neonatal meningitis organisms

A

GBS, EColi, Klebsiella, Enterobacter

Listeria

43
Q

meningitis organisms more than 1 month

A

streptococcus, neiserrea

44
Q

newborn meningitis treatment

A

cefotaximine or cefitraxone +
amp
w or w/out gent

45
Q

meningitis treatment 1mo - 18

A

ceftriaxone or cefotaxamine + vanc

46
Q

encephalitis organisms in peds

A

enterovirus, parechovirus
HSV
arthropod born (west nile, etc)

1internyearprep (9 decks)

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