Picornaviruses and myxoviruses

Question 1

if the genome is not recognizable to the cell the virion must contain a

Answer 1

polymerase enzyme

Question 2

if a virus needs something to replicate that is not present in the cell, the virus

Answer 2

must encode it

Question 3

small non-enveloped (+) RNA viruses

Answer 3

picornavirus

Question 4

polio

Answer 4

picornaviruses

Question 5

poliovirus has a non-enveloped _________ structure

Answer 5

icosahedral

Question 6

picornavirus entry into cells is internalized by

Answer 6

receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 7

all picornaviruses initiate translation independent of a

Answer 7

5’m7G

Question 8

translation initiates at an

Answer 8

internal ribosome entry site- IRES

Question 9

polyprotein is cleaved by ___________ into 11-15 individual proteins

Answer 9

viral proteases

Question 10

1 protein rule in eukaryotic cells in picornavirus

Answer 10

circumvents canonical 1 mRNA

Question 11

picornavirus 3D polymerase requires

Answer 11

VpG-UU primer

Question 12

all picornavirus RNAs have a

Answer 12

5’VpG

Question 13

synthesis of (+) RNA is 30-70 times more efficient than synthesis of

Answer 13

(-) RNA intermediate

Question 14

picornavirus assembly occurs in the

Answer 14

cytoplasm

Question 15

picornavirus translation is initiated by a

Answer 15

5’cap-independent mechanism

Question 16

myxoviruses subdivided by antigenicity of the surface proteins

Answer 16

Hemagglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA)

Question 17

genome is 12kb, single-stranded, 8 segmented (-) RNA

Answer 17

myxovirus

Question 18

enveloped, cylindrical capsid and variable in size

Answer 18

myxovirus

Question 19

coats the genomic RNA

Answer 19

nucleoprotein (NP)

Question 20

ordered array of protein just below the membrane

Answer 20

Matrix

Question 21

envelope

Answer 21

viral membrane

Question 22

infleunza enters the cell through an

Answer 22

endocytic pathway

Question 23

attachment of the influenza to cell surface occurs via the interaction between

Answer 23

hemaghlutinin and siliac acid

Question 24

SNATCH

Answer 24

viral proteins snatch the 5’ cap from cellular mRNAs

Question 25

capped mRNA fragments are used as primers to initiate

Answer 25

transcription of viral RNA

Question 26

Poly A tail is added by the

Answer 26

viral polymerase

Question 27

viral MRNA are then exported from the nucleus for

Answer 27

translation

Question 28

protects genomic RNA from detection by the cell

Answer 28

NP protein

Question 29

NP protein must return to the

Answer 29

nucleus after translation

Question 30

viral proteins have ____________ recognized by the cell

Answer 30

import signals

Question 31

MI

Answer 31

matrix protein

Question 32

cleaves receptor that contains sialic acid

Answer 32

neuraminidase

Question 33

inhibits neuraminidase by competing with sialic flu

Answer 33

oseltamivir (tamiflu)

Question 34

cell becomes infected with multiple different strains. Genome segments shuffle, generating many different variants

Answer 34

antigenic shift

Question 35

mutations also arise randomly leading to loss or gain of fitness and changes to antigenicity

Answer 35

antigenic drift

Question 36

myxovirus:

enveloped virion that enters cells by fusing its membrane with the

Answer 36

cellular endosomal membrane

Question 37

why is avian flu hard to happen?

Answer 37

different saliac acid