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Epi > Picorna > Flashcards

Picorna Flashcards

1
Q

Vaccinations are used in Europe for prevention of picornaviruses

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2
Q

Asymptomatic animals can carry Teschovirus

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3
Q

Teschovirus is resistant, it remains infective in the faeces for a few weeks

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4
Q

Teschen and Talfan disease are caused by different virulence variants of the same virus

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5
Q

Only pigs are susceptible to teschovirus encephalomyelitis

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6
Q

Teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faeces

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7
Q

Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faces

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8
Q

Asymptomatic pigs can shed the porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus

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9
Q

Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus replicates in the gut

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10
Q

Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis is mainly caused by serotype 1 strains

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11
Q

A sporadic disease with weakness of hind legs or encephalomyelitis in piglets

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12
Q

Teschen disease virus can be present in pork meat

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13
Q

The virus of Teschen disease is shed in the faeces for several weeks after infection

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14
Q

Lameness is a typical clinical sign of Teschen disease

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15
Q

The Teschen disease virus infects the animals per os

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16
Q

Paralysis is a clinical sign of Teschen disease

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17
Q

Teschen disease can affect older pigs

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18
Q

Both young and adult pigs can be affected by Teschen disease

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19
Q

Teschen is caused by Picornavirus

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20
Q

Teschen disease can affect older piglets

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21
Q

Talfan disease can be seen in animals below 4 months of age

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22
Q

Talfan disease is a disease of pigs

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23
Q

Flaccid paralysis is a typical clinical sign of Talfan disease

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24
Q

Paralysis is a clinical sign of Talfan disease

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25
Q

Talfan disease is caused by viruses of decreased virulence

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26
Q

Talfan disease occurs in Europe, America and Australia

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27
Q

The agent of Talfan disease replicates in the gut

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28
Q

Swine vesicular disease virus can cause viraemia

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29
Q

Swine vesicular disease virus can cause vesicles on the snout of pigs

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30
Q

Swine vesicular disease virus replicates in the epithelium of the throat and tonsils

A

True?

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31
Q

Only pigs are susceptible to swine vesicular disease virus

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32
Q

Pigs are infected with swine vesicular disease virus per os

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33
Q

Swine vesicular disease is present worldwide

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34
Q

Swine vesicular disease virus can be shed by asymptomatic carriers

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35
Q

Swine vesicular disease virus can infect only pigs

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36
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease virus can cause infection per os

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37
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease is derived from Coxsacki-B5

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38
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease virus can replicate in CNS

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39
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease was present in both Italy and Hong Kong

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40
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease is similar in appearance to Foot and Mouth Disease

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41
Q

Judging from the clinical signs, Swine Vesicular Disease cannot be differentiated from FMD

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42
Q

Lameness can be a sign of Swine Vesicular Disease

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43
Q

There is germinative spread in the case of avian encephalomyelitis

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44
Q

Tremor is a typical clinical sign of avian encephalomyelitis

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45
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis virus can infect chicken

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46
Q

Clinical signs of avian encephalomyelitis can be seen in animals up to 5 weeks of age

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47
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faeces

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48
Q

Chickens are susceptible to avian encephalomyelitis virus

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49
Q

Germinative infection is a way of spreading of avian encephalomyelitis virus

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50
Q

Incubation time of Avian encephalomyelitis virus is 11 (9-10) days following PO infection

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51
Q

Incubation time of Avian encephalomyelitis virus depends on the mode of infection

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52
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis spreads both horizontally and via eggs

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53
Q

Spasmodical paddling is a frequent clinical sign of duck hepatitis

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54
Q

The resistance of duck hepatitis A virus is high

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55
Q

Ducks are infected with the duck hepatitis A virus generally per os

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56
Q

Duck hepatitis A virus is shed in the faeces

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57
Q

Duck hepatitis A virus can be detected with PCR

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58
Q

Clinical signs of Duck hepatitis are seen in 1-4 week old ducklings

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59
Q

Per os infection is a common way of infection with duck hepatitis A virus

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60
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis can be caused by multiple virus spp./serotypes

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61
Q

Duck Viral Hepatitis is primarily a disease of younger ducklings

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62
Q

The primary replication site is the GI tract in Duck Viral Hepatitis

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63
Q

Type 4 Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals

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64
Q

Pathogens of Duck Viral Hepatitis can infect older animals

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65
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus is shed in the faeces by infected animals

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66
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus infects animals mainly per os

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67
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus remains infective in the environment

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68
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause per os infection

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69
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect humans

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70
Q

Rodents can maintain encephalomyocarditis infection

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71
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause necrosis of the heart muscle

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72
Q

Encephalomyocarditis is a zoonosis

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73
Q

Encephalomyocarditis may be deadly for elephants

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74
Q

FMD virus is shed by semen

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75
Q

Dogs are susceptible to FMD

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76
Q

Because of the high variability of FMD virus cross protection cannot be observed even the serotype

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77
Q

Within the FMD serotypes, subtypes can be differentiated

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78
Q

The sample from the FMD suspected animal should be submitted to lab cooled but not frozen

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79
Q

The foot and mouth disease is classified into 7 serotypes

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80
Q

FMD can be transmitted by frozen meat

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81
Q

Vesicles of FMD can fully recover after immune response

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82
Q

FMD causes the loss of hoof in swine

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83
Q

Foot and mouth disease can be carried for long time in the hoof tissue.

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84
Q

The SAT-1,2 and 3 serotypes of FMD virus are present in Africa and Arabia

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85
Q

In humid cold environment, the FMD virus can retain its infectivity for weeks

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86
Q

Even the vaccinated animals can carry and shed the FMD virus

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87
Q

FMD induces lameness in sheep and oral vesicles in goats
The FMD virus can retain its infectivity in frozen milk for months T

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88
Q

FMD virus is shed in milk

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89
Q

The FMD virus can retain its infectivity in dried milk for months

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90
Q

The FMD virus can retain its infectivity in frozen milk for months

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91
Q

For laboratory tests foot and mouth disease samples should be submitted in buffered transport medium

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92
Q

The foot and mouth disease virus can retain its infectivity for 40 days in manure

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93
Q

The hedgehog is susceptible to FMD

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94
Q

Foot and mouth disease can cause myocarditis in young animals

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95
Q

Ruminants can carry foot and mouth disease virus for up to 3 years

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96
Q

The Asia serotype of FMD virus is present in Turkey and in the Middle East

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97
Q

24 hours after the inoculation of FMD virus into guinea pig paw pad vesicle formation can be observed

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98
Q

FMD virus can be transmitted by feed

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99
Q

Animals with foot and mouth disease shed the virus in the saliva

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100
Q

Animals can be infected with foot and mouth disease by inhalation

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101
Q

9 hours after infection foot and mouth disease virus can be shed by the infected animals

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102
Q

Swine shed foot and mouth disease virus for a shorter time than cattle

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103
Q

Pigs shed more foot and mouth disease virus than cattle

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104
Q

The foot and mouth disease virus is very sensitive to acidic pH

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105
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus can infect ruminants and pigs

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106
Q

FMD is sporadic in Europe. T

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107
Q

Resistance of FMD virus is high, in the environment it remains infectious for weeks.

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108
Q

FMD virus frequently causes carditis is young animals

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109
Q

The main signs of FMD are: fever, salivation, formation of vesicles and lameness.

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110
Q

In Europe vaccines must not be used for prevention of FMD

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111
Q

In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild, it is not easy to recognize

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112
Q

For Europe Middle-East, Africa and Asia are the main danger to introduce FMD

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113
Q

In young animal FMD virus frequently causes myocarditis

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114
Q

FMD virus is highly contagious, spreads rapidly

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115
Q

In endemically infected countries vaccines are also used in prevention of FMD

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116
Q

O and A serotypes of FMD are mostly widespread in the world

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117
Q

In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild

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118
Q

About half of the countries of the world are presently infected with FMD

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119
Q

FMD virus can get into Europe most easily from Turkey, Middle East and North- Africa

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120
Q

FMD virus can cause severe myocarditis in young calves and piglets

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121
Q

In infected countries inactivated vaccine are also used for prevention of FMD

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122
Q

Pigs shed large amount of FMD virus with their saliva during the acute phase of the disease

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123
Q

The main reservoirs of FMD virus are cattle and buffalo.

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124
Q

FMD virus is carried in the tonsils, lymphatic tissues and hoof of the infected animal

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125
Q

FMD erosions are characteristic with tattered edge and red base

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126
Q

FMD virus retains its infectivity for more than a month in manure

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127
Q

Swine shed about 1000-3000% higher FMD virus concentration comparing to ruminants

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128
Q

FMD virus is shed by semen too

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129
Q

Vaccinated animals can carry FMD virus.

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130
Q

Comparing to cattle swine show milder vesicular symptoms

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131
Q

Myocarditis can be a result of Foot and Mouth disease cases.

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132
Q

Vesicles are often seen on the tongue of Foot and Mouth disease infected cattle

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133
Q

Vaccination against Foot and Mouth disease results in type specific immunity

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134
Q

Foot and Mouth disease virus can be shed from infected animals during the incubation time

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135
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus may cause severe heart muscle damage in young calves

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136
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus can replicate in epithelial and myocardial cells

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137
Q

Foot and mouth disease virus is spread by infected saliva and vesicle fluids within the herd

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138
Q

Recovery from foot and mouth disease induces type specific protection

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139
Q

FMD has 7 known serotypes

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140
Q

There are 3 subtypes SAT 1, 2, 3 in the SAT serotype

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141
Q

FMD replicates primarily in the pharynx

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142
Q

Vaccination is used against FMD

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143
Q

Europe is currently free from FMD

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144
Q

FMD replicates in the skin

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145
Q

FMD cause skin lesions in bovine

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146
Q

FMD cause skin signs in swine

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147
Q

For prevention of FMD in Europe only State Vet steps are used.

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148
Q

Inactivated vaccines can be used in endemically infected countries

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149
Q

FMD is characteristic with fever, salivation and vesicle formation in the skin and mucous membranes

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