Flavi Flashcards
1
Q
Serological cross reactions frequently occur between related flaviviruses
A
T
2
Q
Many of the flaviviruses are zoonotic agents
A
T
3
Q
Viruses of the Pestivirus genus are more resistant in the environment than the members of the Flavivirus genus
A
T
4
Q
Viruses of the Pestivirus genus are more resistant in the environment than the other members of the Flavivirus genus
A
T
5
Q
Yellow fever virus and Dengue virus are human pathogens
A
T
6
Q
Louping ill is most frequently seen in sheep
A
T
7
Q
Differential diagnoses of Louping-Ill: Listeria, Rabies, Scrapie
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T
8
Q
The tick borne encephalitis is endemic in central Europe
A
T
9
Q
The tick borne encephalitis virus can be transmitted via consumption of raw milk
A
T
10
Q
The consumption of raw goat milk is a possible source of human tick borne encephalitis
A
T
11
Q
Biphasic fever is a characteristic of TBE
A
T
12
Q
Consumption of contaminated, raw goat milk is a possible source of human tick-borne encephalitis virus infection
A
T
13
Q
Inactivated vaccines are used for the prevention of humans from tick-borne encephalitis
A
T
14
Q
Inactivated vaccines are available against tick-borne encephalitis for humans
A
T
15
Q
Tick-borne encephalomyelitis mainly occurs clinically in humans
A
T
16
Q
Tick-borne encephalomyelitis occurs throughout Europe and Asia
A
T
17
Q
Tick-borne encephalomyelitis exists as natural foci infections
A
T
18
Q
Occasionally tick-borne encephalomyelitis virus can be transmitted to humans via consuming raw milk
A
T
19
Q
Tick-borne encephalomyelitis occurs seasonally
A
T
20
Q
For humans inactivated tick-borne encephalomyelitis virus vaccines are also available
A
T
21
Q
Migratory birds play a role in the transmission of West Nile virus
A
T
22
Q
Mammals are mostly accidental hosts of West Nile Fever virus
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T
23
Q
West Nile Fever is a notifiable disease
A
T
24
Q
In West Nile epidemics wild bird mortality is usually observed before horse and human cases can be detected
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T
25
To prevent West Nile Fever, vaccine is available for horses
T
26
The West Nile virus may cause encephalitis in humans and in horses
T
27
Horses and humans do not play a significant role in the transmission of West Nile virus
T
28
The West Nile fever epidemics occur usually at the end of summer and during Autumn
T
29
Wild birds are the natural hosts of West Nile virus
T
30
Vaccines are available for the prevention of horses from WNV infections
T
31
Different genetic lineages of West Nile virus are circulating in Europe
T
32
Various strains of WNV, belonging to different genetic lineages are circulating in Europe
T
33
There is no vaccine available for humans against WNV infection yet
T
34
Mosquitoes are the principle vectors of the WNV
T
35
The sero-diagnostics of WNV is complicated by cross-reactions with related flaviviruses
T
36
Certain predatory bird species are particularly sensitive to WNV infections
T
37
The use of repellents may reduce the risk of infection with WNV
T
38
The weather influences the emergence of West Nile Virus outbreaks, through its effect on mosquito propagation dynamics
T
39
Laboratory diagnosis should confirm the aetiology of West Nile encephalitis
T
40
The most important maintaining hosts of West Nile fever virus are water birds
T
41
Clinical signs of West Nile fever are most frequently seen in birds, horses and humans
T
42
Neurological signs develop only in a small percentage of the diseased animals
T
43
West Nile fever occurs worldwide
T
44
Vectors of West Nile fever virus are different mosquito species
T
45
The host range of West Nile virus is very wide
T
46
The sero-diagnostics of West Nile virus is complicated by cross-reactions with related flaviviruses
T
47
The Japanese encephalitis virus causes abortion in swine
T
48
The yellow fever virus causes liver damages
T
49
The zika virus causes fever, rash and conjunctivitis in humans
T
50
BVDV can be frequently detected in the background of respiratory diseases
T
51
In utero infection with non-cytopathic BVDV can cause seropositivity of the newborn calf
T
52
In utero infection with non cytopathic BVDV can cause immunotolerance
T
53
Two serotypes of the BVD virus are known so far, serotype 2 is more virulent
T
54
Pigs infected with BVDV turn seropositive to classical swine fever
T
55
Persistently infected cattle can maintain BVDV in a farm
T
56
Non-cytopathic BVD virus strain can mutate and become cytopathic
T
57
The BVD virus can infect pigs also
T
58
Cytopathic strains of the Bovine Viral Diarrhoea virus (BVDV) can cause abortion
T
59
Cattle which are immune tolerant to BVD virus may develop mucosal disease
T
60
In sheep BVDV causes symptoms similar to border disease
T
61
Mucosal disease can develop in cattle persistently infected with BVDV
T
62
Non cytopathic strains of Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) can cause immunosuppression
T
63
Non cytopathic strains of Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) can cause immunosuppression
T
64
BVDV can be transmitted by semen
T
65
In mucosal disease sharp edged, usually round or oval ulcers can be observed on the oral mucosa
T
66
In mucosal disease haemorrhages can be observed under the serosal surfaces and in the kidney cortex
T
67
Bloody diarrhoea is a clinical sign of the mucosal disease
T
68
BVD and mucosal disease are caused by the same viral species
T
69
Eradication programmes against the bovine viral diarrhoea virus are usually based on the selection of immunotolerant animals
T
70
Eradication of BVD virus is based on the removal of immunotolerant animals
T
71
Two genotypes of the BVDV are known
T
72
BVDV forms one serotype, but there are significant antigenic differences between the strains
T
73
Persistently infected animals play the major role in the maintenance and spread of BVDV
T
74
BVDV infection may cause immunosuppression
T
75
The BVD virus typically damages endothelial-, epithelial- and lymphatic tissues
T
76
BVD clinically is mostly seen in cattle from 6 to 24 months of age
T
77
BVD virus can cause severe damage to fetuses in pregnant cows
T
78
BVD infection of pregnant cows can result in delivery of immunotolerant persistently infected calves
T
79
Bulls can shed BVD virus for long time in semen, without showing any clinical sign
T
80
Both attenuated live and inactivated vaccines are used in eradication of BVD
T
81
BVDV is practically sensitive to disinfectants
T
82
Cytopathic BVDV strains cause mucosal disease in immune-tolerant calves
T
83
Goats can be infected with border disease
T
84
In utero border disease virus infection may cause immunotolerance
T
85
Border disease of sheep is mainly characterized by foetal damages
T
86
Border disease appears as foetal damage in pregnant ewes
T
87
Border disease occurs in Hungary
T
88
Border disease causes abortion in ewes
T
89
Border disease of sheep can be controlled by screening for carriers
T
90
Haemorrhagic enteritis is a characteristic pathological lesion of Classical swine fever T
Classical Swine Fever is frequently complicated with bacterial infections. T
Classical swine fever virus can be transmitted by raw pork products T
Classical swine fever virus can retain its infectivity for 6 months in frozen meat T
The CSFV may survive in frozen meat for months T
During necropsy enlarged bloody lymph nodes can be seen in Classical swine fever cases T
Because of endothelial damage Classical swine fever results in haemorrhages T
In acute Classical swine fever, at the beginning obstipation, later diarrhoea can be observed T
Classical swine fever targets the bone marrow stem cells T
Erysipelas and Porcine circovirus 2 infections may cause clinical signs and pathology lesions similar to CSF T
Weakness of the hind legs and ataxia are clinical signs of Classical Swine Fever T
Ischaemic infarcts at the edges of the spleen are postmortem lesions of subacute Classical Swine Fever T
The boutons in the intestines are characteristic lesions in subacute Classical Swine Fever T
Kidney haemorrhage is a characteristic lesion of Classical Swine Fever T
Hemorrhages are the most typical lesions of acute CSF T
During necropsy of acute Classical swine fever cases, haemorrhages can be seen in the gastric mucosa T
Among Classical Swine Fever clinical signs CNS and eye problems can be observed
T
91
Classical swine fever infection during the first half of pregnancy results in the birth of immunotolerant piglets
T
92
CSF infection during the first of half of pregnancy can lead to abortion
T
93
The shedding of CSFV begins 1-2 days after the appearance of clinical signs T
The domestic swine population of most European countries are free from CSF T
Classical swine fever causes oronasal infection T
Classical swine fever can be transmitted by mating T
CSF can cause transplacental infections T
CSFV may case reproductive disorders T
Classical swine fever targets lymphatic tissues T
CSF infections result in thrombocytopenia T
Clinical signs of Classical Swine fever are mainly seen in 6-12 week old piglets in vaccinated herds T
Classical swine fever infection during the first half of pregnancy can lead to abortion T
Wild boars play the main role in the maintenance of CSF virus in endemic areas T
Wild boar may play a role in the maintenance and spread of CSFV
T
94
In acute Classical swine fever skin haemorrhages and bloody nasal discharge can be observed
T
95
Normal sized spleen can be observed in uncomplicated cases of subacute Classical swine fever
T
96
Classical swine fever infection results in immunosuppression
T
97
Central nervous signs might be seen in classical swine fever
T
98
Porcine circovirus 2 may cause lesions similar to Classical Swine Fever
T
99
Low virulence strains of CSFV may cause reproductive problems
T
100
CSFV may damage the lymphatic tissues and blood vessel endothelial cells
T
101
Swine can shed CSFV in the incubation period
T
102
Skin suffusions and haemorrhages are signs of Classical Swine Fever
T
103
Contaminated pork meat can play a role in the transmission of CSFV
T
104
Attenuated vaccines are developed for immunization of swine against CSFV
T
105
The Classical Swine Fever may appear in a milder form in wild boar than in domestic swine
T
106
Acute classical swine fever can cause haemorrhagic pneumonia
T
107
Classical swine fever virus can cause immunotolerance in swine
T
108
Classical swine fever virus causes lympho-histiocytic encephalitis in pigs
T
109
Low virulence strains of CSFV may lead to asymptomatic infection
T
110
CSF is spread via infected pigs
T
111
Sows infected by CSF will have immunotolerant piglets
T
112
CSF can hardly be distinguished from African swine fever
T
113
Incubation of CSF is 8-22 days
T
114
CSF was first written about in USA
T
115
CSF virus has good resistance
T
116
CSF is frequently complicated with bacterial infections
T
117
The clinical signs of CSF and ASF are similar
T
118
Serological cross reactions my occur between BVD virus and CSFV
T
119
Only domestic swine and wild boars are susceptible
T
120
Fever, anorexia haemorrhages in the skin and weakness of the hind legs are the most important sign
T
121
The CSFV typically damages endothelial- and lymphatic tissue
T
122
Classical swine fever is a notifiable disease in Europe
T
123
In subacute CSF we can observe signs of pneumonia during necropsies
T
