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Combine Science > Physis Paper 3 > Flashcards

Physis Paper 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of these is the best piece of equipment to produce the white light?

A

Ray block

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2
Q

the electromagnetic spectrum used to detect broken bones is..

A

X-rays

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3
Q

the electromagnetic spectrum used in thermal imaging is…

A

Infrared

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4
Q

What is the 7 visible light

A

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

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5
Q

What are the 7 electromagnetic spectrum in order

A

radio , microwaves ,visible- light, ultraviolet, x‑rays gamma rays

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6
Q

What’s a scaler and what unit does it measure it?

A

-Size or magnitude only
-measures in m/s (distance)

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7
Q

What is vector and what unit does

A

-magnitude and direction
-measure in m/s
-acceleration

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8
Q

What does the term displacement mean?

A

Distance but with direction

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9
Q

What does the term friction mean?

A

When 2 object slide thought each other

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10
Q

Give 2 example of a scaler quantities

A

Distance
Mass
Temperature
Height
Speed
Time

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11
Q

Give 2 example of vector quantities

A

Weight
Displacement
Force
Velocity

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12
Q

What does the term resultant force mean?

A

Multiple force acting on a object at once

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13
Q

Waves with a long wavelength has a…

A

Short frequency and low energy

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14
Q

Waves with a short wavelength has a…

A

A high frequency and high energy

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15
Q

What are the uses of a short wavelength?

A

Cooking
Communication

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16
Q

What is the relative mass of a 🫐proton🫐
and the relative charge?

A

Relative mass:-1
Relative charge:+1

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17
Q

What is the relative mass of a 🫐neutron🫐
and the relative charge

A

Relative mass:-1
Relative charge:0

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18
Q

What is the relative mass of a 🫐electron🫐
and the relative charge?

A

Relative mass: -1
Relative charge:1/1680

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19
Q

What are the dangers of radioactivity?

A

Skin burns
Cause of cancer

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20
Q

What are the dangers EM radiation?

A

Damage DNA
Damage cells

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21
Q

What are the uses of a long wavelength?

A

Communication
Broadcasting television
Microwave

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22
Q

What is the term renewable energy mean?

A

Energy which are able to quickly replenish themselves and can be use over and over again

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23
Q

What is the term non-renewable energy mean?

A

Once sources are used up, they cannot be replaced/replalished

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24
Q

Give two examples of a non-renewable

A

coal
natural gas
oil
nuclear energy

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25
Q

The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that
* is used to cook food
AND
* has a shorter wavelength than microwaves is

A

Infared

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26
Q

The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that
* is used to sterilise medical equipment
AND
* has a shorter wavelength than x‑rays is

A

gamma rays

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27
Q

Describe how a student could determine the wave speed of the water wave?

A

time a crest/ripple/wavefront (1)
OR
use (wave speed =) distance (1)
time
OR
Count number of crests

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28
Q

How do you calculate the wave speed of the sound wave.

A

(v =) f × λ
(speed =) freq(uency) ×
wavelength

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29
Q

Which will be the next stage in the evolution of our Sun?

A

red giant

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30
Q

The core of a star with a much bigger mass than our Sun is most likely to end
as a

A

black hole

31
Q

State one of the conditions necessary for this nuclear fusion reaction to start

A

ANY OF THESE POINT (1 marker q)
high temperature (1)
high pressure (1)
high (particle) density (1)
high (particle) speed / KE

32
Q

Describe what happens in this nuclear fusion reaction.

A

two) isotopes/nuclei/atoms(1)
fusing (1)

33
Q

State one way that radioactivity can be dangerous to humans.

A

One from:
cell damage (1)

cancer (1)

radiation sickness / poisoning (1)

mutation (1)

chromosomal damage (1)
DNA damage (1)

skin damage (1)

(named) organ damage (1)
burns (1)

releases ionising radiation (1)

34
Q

Stars of similar mass to our Sun were formed from a cloud of gas and dust
called a ………………………………………..

Our Sun is a ……………………………………………………… star.

A

called a..nebula
is a…main sequence

35
Q

State one piece of equipment that can be used to measure radioactivity.

A

Geiger (Muller) (tube/counter) ( prefer use this rather than GM)
photographic film
dosimeter

36
Q

Alpha (α) radiation and ultraviolet (UV) radiation are ionising radiations.
Give two other ionising radiations.

A

beta(minus) (1)
beta + (1)
x-rays (1)
gamma/γ (1)

37
Q

The Sun is at the centre of our Solar System.
The planets orbit the Sun.
Which planet is nearest to the Sun?

A

Mercury

38
Q

The Moon orbits the Earth.
Which of these describes the Moon?

A

natural satellite

39
Q

Suggest two reasons why the gravitational field strength on the Moon is different
from the gravitational field strength on the Earth.

A

Mass
Radius
or density

40
Q

What’s the unit for Newton

A

N

41
Q

All electromagnetic waves can travel in a vacuum.

Which of these is the same for all electromagnetic waves travelling in a vacuum?

A

Speed

42
Q

State one way that x-rays are harmful to humans.

A

mutate DNA / cells
kills cells/tissue

43
Q

State one way that x-rays are useful to humans.

A

detect broken bone
airport security
radiotherapy

44
Q

The electromagnetic waves that the fire mostly emits are ………………………… waves.
These waves transfer …………………………………… energy to the hands.

A

are.. infrared
trasfer.. themical

45
Q

How many daughter nuclei are produced from the fission of one nucleus of
uranium235 (U235)?

A

2

46
Q

When a uranium235 (U235) nucleus splits, neutrons are also emitted.
The neutrons may start a chain reaction.

Describe what is meant by a chain reaction.

A

more neutrons are
emitted (which are
absorbed by uranium nuclei) (1)

atoms splitting
four or more nuclei (1)

47
Q

Nuclear fusion is a nuclear reaction that takes place in the Sun.

Describe what happens during a nuclear fusion reaction.

A

hydrogen nuclei/atoms join (1)
helium is produced (1)

48
Q

The cyclist then uses the brakes on the bicycle to stop.

Explain what happens to the kinetic energy of the cyclist

A

the kinetic energy (store)/it
decreases (to zero) (1)

thermal energy (store) increases (1)

49
Q

A car is travelling at 10m/s.
The driver sees a danger and stops the car.

The stopping distance for the car would be smaller if the car…

A

Travelling more slowly

50
Q

Describe an experiment to find out how the stopping distance depends on the
surface that stops the toy car.

A

use of speed = distance divided by (1)
Time

measurement of appropriate
time

use ruler/stop clock

51
Q

State one way the student could increase the speed of the car as it reaches
the flat surface.

A

push/pull the trolley (1)
make the slope steeper(1)

52
Q

White light includes all the colours in the visible spectrum.

A beam of white light is the only light that shines on a book.
The book appears green.
A red filter is placed between the source of white light and the book.

What colour does the book appear now?

A

Black

53
Q

A clear image of a building can be seen on the surface of the ball.
This clear image is an example of..

A

specular reflection

54
Q

Explain why the surface of the metal ball gives a clear image

A

(the surface/metal ball) is
smooth/shiny (1)

angle of incidence is equal
to the angle of reflection (1)

55
Q

State one similarity and one difference in the way the rays of light pass
through the lenses.

A

Similarity
- (both) change direction refract (rays of light)

Differences
- one converges the other
diverges (1)

56
Q

State how the power of P is different from the power of Q

A

(the power of) P is less than
(the power of) Q

57
Q

The student has a stopwatch.

Describe how the student could determine the frequency of the ripples on
the lake.

A

(arriving/passing a point) in a
specific time(1)

count the number of waves(1)

58
Q

Describe the difference between transverse waves and longitudinal waves.

A

transverse – (oscillations)
perpendicular to direction of
wave (travel) (1)

longitudinal – (oscillations) in
same direction as wave
(travel) (1)

59
Q

Alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ) are three types of radioactive emissions.

Which statement describes all of these radioactive emissions?

A

ionising and emitted by unstable nuclei

60
Q

State the SI unit for the activity of a radioactive source.

A

becquerel
accepts Bq

61
Q

The beta source is then also taken away.
The counter is reset to zero and switched on again.
A new count is taken for 1 minute.

Give a reason why there would now be a reading on the counter.

A

Background radiation

62
Q

Describe the dangers of exposure to radioactive sources and what can be done to
protect hospital staff when they are working with radioactive sources.

A

Dangers of exposing people to radioactive
sources/radiation.
* it is ionising
* may cause cancer
* may destroy /kill cells
* can mutate DNA
* can burn the skin

Protection of hospital staff using radioactive
sources/radiation.
* use tongs to carry radioactive sources
* use lead containers to store sources
* stay at a distance from radioactive sources
* use sources for as short a time as possible

63
Q

Give 2 factors that can affect the reaction time

A

Tiredness
Drugs
Distraction
Alcohol

64
Q

Give a reason why a driver applied breaking distance?

A

Poor road
Poor vehicle condition
More mass is in the vehicle

65
Q

What does the term electromagnetic wave mean?

A

Vibrations between an electric field and magnetic field.

66
Q

What does all electromagnetic wave have?

A

Travels at the same speed
transverse energy as radiation

67
Q

Infrared are use for..

A

In-night vision camera

67
Q

Gamma rays are used to..

A

to sterilise medical equipment

67
Q

Ultraviolet wave are use for..

A

Detect forged bank note

68
Q

X-ray are used to..

A

Detect brokens bone

69
Q

Describe how the brightness changes with wavelength.

A

increases (at first) (1)
reaches a peak (1)
(then) decreases (1)

70
Q

Formula for acceleration

A

a = velocity divided by time

71
Q

Formula for kinetic energy

A

K.E. = 1/2 m v2

Combine Science (11 decks)

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