Physiology: The Cardiac Cycle

Question 1

What are the events that take place during the cardiac cycle?

Answer 1

1. Late diastole
2. Atrial systole - atrial contraction so that blood is pushed into ventricles
3. Isovolumic ventricular contraction - pushes AV valves closed
4. Ventricular ejection - ventricular pressure exceeds the pressure of the arteries causing them to open
5. Isovolumic ventricular relaxation - ventricles relax, causing ventricular pressure to fall causing blood to flow back and closing the semilunar valve

Question 2

What occurs during systoles?

Answer 2

Ventricular contraction with semilunar valves open and AV valves are closed

Question 3

What occurs during diastole?

Answer 3

Atrial contraction and the atrioventricular valves open and semilunar valves are close

Question 4

What is Systolic pressure?

Answer 4

Highest pressure of the ventricles

Question 5

What is Diastolic Pressure?

Answer 5

Lowest pressure observed in the ventricles

Question 6

What is a systolic murmur?

Answer 6

Abnormal heart sound occur during systole of the heart

Question 7

What is a diastolic murmur?

Answer 7

Abnormal heart sound occurring during diastole of the heart

Question 8

What can cause a systolic murmur?

Answer 8

Aortic or pulmonary stenosis

Mitral and Tricuspid regurgitation

Question 9

What can cause a diastolic murmur?

Answer 9

Mitral or Tricuspid stenosis

Aortic or Pulmonary regurgitation

Question 10

What do normal physiological heart sounds sound like?

Answer 10

Lub Dub

Question 11

What do systolic heart sounds sound like?

Answer 11

Lub Shhhh Dub

Question 12

What do systolic heart sounds sound like?

Answer 12

Lub Dub Shhhhhh

Question 13

What do septal defects sound like?

Answer 13

Constant sounds