physiology; production of urine

Question 1

renal artery (arteries)

Answer 1

blood enters kidneys through right and left renal arteries

Question 2

arterioles

Answer 2

smallest arteries ( goes from artery–arteries–arterioles)

Question 3

afferent renal arteriole

Answer 3

blood goes towards glomerulus

Question 4

efferent renal arteriole

Answer 4

blood goes away from glomerulus

Question 5

glomerulus or glomeruli

Answer 5

tiny ball of capillaries located in the kidneys

Question 6

filtration

Answer 6

process where some substances, not all leave through a filter like water, salt, sugar, and urea

Question 7

bowman’s capsule or glomerular capsule

Answer 7

cup like structure that collects the fluid released by glomerulus

Question 8

renal tubule

Answer 8

long twisted tube where urine is formed after filtration

Question 9

reabsorption

Answer 9

process where renal tubes return the materials necessary to body back into bloodstream (water, sugar, and sodium)

Question 10

tubular secretion

Answer 10

materials from the bloodstream go into renal tubule (acids, potassium, and drugs)

Question 11

nephron

Answer 11

is the functional unit of kidney contains glomerulus and renal tubule

Question 12

renal pelvis

Answer 12

central collecting region in the kidney (where all the calyces collect together)

Question 13

calyx or calix

Answer 13

cup like structure where urine first presents itself