Physiology Of The Stomach 1 Flashcards
Question: What is the primary function of the stomach in terms of food storage?
Answer: The stomach serves as a temporary storage organ for food.
Question: How does the stomach contribute to mechanical digestion?
Answer: The stomach facilitates mechanical digestion through its rhythmic movements.
Question: Which type of digestion occurs in the stomach, specifically targeting proteins?
Answer: Chemical digestion of proteins takes place in the stomach.
Question: What role does the stomach play in regulating the passage of chyme into the small intestine?
Answer: The stomach regulates the passage of chyme, controlling the flow into the small intestine.
Question: What is the significance of intrinsic factor secreted by the stomach?
Answer: Intrinsic factor, secreted by the stomach, is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12.
Question: How does the muscularis in the stomach contribute to mechanical digestion?
Answer: The muscularis in the stomach enables the churning of food, especially in the antrum where the muscle wall is thicker, leading to more powerful contractions.
Question: What is the result of mixing food with gastric juice in the stomach?
Answer: The mixing of food with gastric juice in the stomach produces chyme.
Question: Through which structure does chyme pass from the stomach to the duodenum?
Answer: Chyme passes through the pyloric sphincter to reach the duodenum.
Question: What are the three key types of cells in the gastric glands responsible for producing gastric juices?
Answer: The three key types of cells in the gastric glands are zymogenic (chief/peptic) cells, parietal (oxyntic) cells, and goblet (neck) cells.
Question: What is the primary secretion of zymogenic (chief/peptic) cells in the gastric glands?
Answer: Zymogenic cells secrete pepsinogen.
Question: What is the primary secretion of parietal (oxyntic) cells in the gastric glands, and what additional substance do they secrete?
Answer: Parietal cells secrete HCl (hydrochloric acid) and intrinsic factor.
Question: What is the primary secretion of goblet (neck) cells in the gastric glands?
Answer: Goblet cells secrete mucous
Question: What is the primary secretion of G cells in the gastric glands?
Answer: G cells secrete gastrin.
Question: What substance is primarily secreted by enterochromaffin (mast-like) cells in the gastric glands?
Answer: Enterochromaffin cells secrete histamine.
Question: What is the primary secretion of D cells in the gastric glands?
Answer: D cells secrete somatostatin.