physiology nervous system

Question 1

examples of sensory functions

Answer 1

• transduction of environmental stimuli to electrical impulses
• information from skin, skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, + special organs

Question 2

examples of motor functions

Answer 2

• information to skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
• autonomic nervous system

Question 3

examples of integrative function

Answer 3

• processes incoming information to coordinate appropriate responses
• decides which incoming signals to discard, which to respond to, and which to commit to memory

Question 4

Transduction of environmental stimuli into electrical impulses occurs at the ______ of pseudounipolar neurons.

Answer 4

sensory receptors

Question 5

characteristics of sensory neurons

Answer 5

• Action potential generates at the 1st node of Ranvier
• Bipolar
• Pseudounipolar

Question 6

characteristics of motor neurons

Answer 6

• Action potential generates at the axon hillock
• Multipolar
• Efferent

Question 7

Which has immune and phagocytic functions in the central nervous system?

Answer 7

microglia

Question 8

The dura mater continues into the peripheral nervous system as the ________.

Answer 8

epineurium

Question 9

Nicotinic and Muscarinic are different types of _______ receptors

Answer 9

cholinergic

Question 10

The small space between cells that transmitter substances must diffuse through is called the _____.

Answer 10

synaptic cleft

Question 11

characteristics of pseudounipolar neurons

Answer 11

• type of cell body located in dorsal root ganglion
• somatic sensation

Question 12

characteristics of multipolar neurons

Answer 12

• interneurons
• motor neuron
• located in anterior horn of spinal cord

Question 13

characteristics of bipolar neurons

Answer 13

special senses (smell, vision, hearing)

Question 14

The action potential triggers the opening of _______ in the bouton

Answer 14

voltage gated calcium channels

Question 15

A neuron that makes and releases Norepinephrine is called _______

Answer 15

adrenergic

Question 16

A group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system is called a ______.

Answer 16

ganglion

Question 17

Which makes myelin for neurons in the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 17

schwann cells

Question 18

Action potentials summates to threshold at the _____ of the pseudounipolar neuron

Answer 18

1st node of ranvier

Question 19

Which provides nutrition and support for neurons in the central nervous system?

Answer 19

astrocytes

Question 20

A neuron that makes and releases Acetylcholine is called _______

Answer 20

cholinergic

Question 21

characteristics of electrical synapses

Answer 21

• all cells activated simultaneously
• rapid, bidirectional
• found in cardiac muscle and single unit smooth muscle

Question 22

characteristics of chemical synapses

Answer 22

• found between almost all neurons and at neuromuscular junction
• one direction: presynaptic to postsynaptic
• neurotransmitter diffuses across a fluid filled space

Question 23

A group of neuronal axons in the central nervous system is called a ______.

Answer 23

tract

Question 24

Which provides nutrition and support for neurons in the peripheral nervous system (in ganglia)?

Answer 24

satellite cells

Question 24

The arachnoid mater continues into the peripheral nervous system as the ________.

Answer 24

perineurium

Question 25

A neuron that makes and releases Dopamine is called _______

Answer 25

dopaminergic

Question 26

The ______ carries action potentials away from the pseudounipolar cell body

Answer 26

central process

Question 27

The connective tissues covering the central nervous system is called the ______.

Answer 27

meninges

Question 28

Which makes myelin for neurons in the central nervous system?

Answer 28

oligodendrocytes

Question 29

Action potentials summates to threshold at the _____ of the multipolar neuron.

Answer 29

axon hillock

Question 30

A neuron that makes and releases Glutamate is called _______

Answer 30

glutaminergic